Why does a particular codon represent only one specific amino acid?

Expert Solution

Answer-

According to the given question-

DNA is a genetic material and have information which are transferred from one cell to other or from one generation to another generation. DNA is responsible for controlling, regulating and determine which type of proteins will be produced in a cell. so change in nucleic acid will change the amino acid in a proteins. DNA transfers its genetic information to mRNA by process of transcription and finally the sequence in mRNA is converted into sequence of amino acid to form protein by a process called translation. This flow of information is called central dogma. The genetic code is the genetic information which are coded in nucleic acids is changed or converted into proteins. mRNA nucleotide group of three molecule are called codon. and each codon code for a particular amino acid. This complete set of codon and amino acid are called genetic code. We know that the genetic code have 64 codons. And there are only 20 amino acids so one codon must code at least one amino acid but more than one codons code a amino acid this property of codon is called degeneracy. Amino acid Tryptophan and Methionine are coded by just one codon. Amino acid proline is coded by 4 different codons including CCC, CCA, CCU, and CCG. while serine is coded by six codons such as UCC,UCA, UCU, UCG, AGU and AGC. So a codon either translated into a amino acid or stop the synthesis of polypeptide chain.

gladiator answered 14 hours ago

Methionine is one of the two amino acids that is specified only by a codon. How...

Methionine is one of the two amino acids that is specified only by a codon. How do prokaryotes use this single codon to specify the initiator residue of a polypeptide and the internal methionine residues in a polypeptide chain?

19.A mutation that changes an amino acid-coding codon to a stop codon is classified as: A...

19.A mutation that changes an amino acid-coding codon to a stop codon is classified as: A – Silent B – Missense C – Nonsense D – Neutral 20.Spontaneous mutations can arise from: A – All answers are correct B – A base gets damaged C – DNA polymerase inserts an incorrect nucleotide D – A loop occurs during replication 21.DNA Repair Systems: A – Counteract spontaneous and induced mutations B – Counteract induced mutations only C – Counteract amino acid...

Consider the codon “GAU” and answer the following questions: a- Which amino acid is encoded by...

Consider the codon “GAU” and answer the following questions: a- Which amino acid is encoded by the given codon. b- How many different codons can be generated by point mutation at the position of the second nucleotide “A”. Show all possible codons and representing amino acids.

1.Does each amino acid have the same chemical properties? Why or why not? 2.How do only...

1.Does each amino acid have the same chemical properties? Why or why not? 2.How do only 4 different RNA nucleotides code for 20 different amino acids? 3. How does a start codon differ from a stop codon? Do they possess any similarities

Consider the codon GGG. List all the possible single-nucleotide replacements and the corresponding amino acid.

1) If the pI for a particular amino acid is 7.5, at which pH will the...

1) If the pI for a particular amino acid is 7.5, at which pH will the net charge on the molecule be zero? 2) Calculate the pH of 0.00756 M HNO3. 3) The isoelectric point of an amino acid is defined as: a. the pH at which it exists in the basic form b. the pH equals the pKa c. the pH at which it exists in the acidic form d. the pH at which the amino acid exits in...

Shown following is the first 30 amino acid (one-letter code) region of this putative amino acid...

Shown following is the first 30 amino acid (one-letter code) region of this putative amino acid sequence for p18: 1YFNPS 6TSDWPT 11LAPAN 16YTFLF 21FLARY 26WYINL30 A) Based on the partial amino acid sequence provided, do you think that it is more likely that this region of p18 associates with a cellular membrane or is exposed to the cytosol? B) Why or why not? C) Describe how you would experimentally demonstrate if p18 was associated with the membrane or the cytosol.

1. In cystic fibrosis one amino acid is missing in the CFTR protein. Explain why this...

1. In cystic fibrosis one amino acid is missing in the CFTR protein. Explain why this mutant protein will not end up in the plasma membrane. (You may need to investigate the normal function of this CFTR gene) 2. Why might a mutation in the DNA NOT lead to an abnormally functioning protein? 3. Describe one genetic disorder in which a gene is mutated and leads to abnormal protein folding ( other than Huntington’s). In “your disorder”, name the gene...

You are studying a gene that encodes a particular protein; part of the amino acid sequence...

You are studying a gene that encodes a particular protein; part of the amino acid sequence of that protein is shown below: …-His-Val-Pro-Thr-Asp-Leu-Glu-… You isolate a mutant version of this protein; the mutation abolishes the function of the protein. When you sequence the mutant protein, you see the following amino acid sequence: …-His-Val-Leu-Asp-Arg-Leu-Gly-… Answer/do the following (refer to the Codon Chart below): a. What was the most likely type of mutation (missense, nonsense, or frameshift) that occurred in the...

What role does the citric acid cycle play in amino acid metabolism?

What role does the citric acid cycle play in amino acid metabolism?a. breakdown of glucogenic amino acids feeds metabolites into the citric acid cycleb. amino acid synthesis often relies on intermediates of the citric acid cyclec. breakdown of ketogenic amino acids feeds metabolites into the citric acid cyclea, b, & ca & b

Question