Question

1. Diarrhoeal disease is more common in children attending daycare centres than those at home because

Select one:

a. of close contact between children.

b. of oral exploration of objects by young children.

c. staff can spread disease between children.

d. some organisms that affect children have a low infectious dose.

e. all of these options are correct.

2.

What is most likely to happen to the bacteria in food when it is cooked over 80°C?

Select one:

a. They multiply at a faster rate due to the heat of the food.

b. They continue to multiply but at a much reduced rate.

c. They die because bacteria cannot tolerate high temperatures.

d. They mutate in order to survive.

e. They produce toxins which cause gastroenteritis when the food is eaten.

Answer 1

Diarrhoeal diseases : Diarrhoeal diseases are the gastrointestinal disorders characterised by frequent and very fluid or watery bowel movements.

1. Answer: All of these options are correct ( Option e)

Diarrhoeal diseases are more common in Children attending day care centres than those at homes because of many reasons such as;

a) of close contact between children : contaminated hands of children, who have some type of diarrhoeal disease or who are not maintaining hand hygiene can spread the bacterias to the other children.

b) of oral exploration of objects by young children: objects may contaminated by the contaminated hands of affected children, who are toilet trained and non toilet trained kids.

c) Staff also can spread the disease between children: After attending an infected child, without proper hand hygiene, if the care takers are attending a healthy child, he also may gey the infection.

d) some organisms that affect children are having low infectious dose: especially gastenteris bacterias are having a low infectious dose. example; Salmonella, Shigella. Infectious dose is the minimum number of bacteria that can cause infection in a host body.

2. They die because bacteria can't tolerate high temperature. ( Option c)

Food when it is cooked over 80 degree Celsius , most bacteria die off as they can't live in high temperature.

Other options:

a ) They multiply faster due to the heat of the food: wrong answer as the bacteria can multiply only in an optimal temperature ( 20 to 45 degree Celsius ).

b) They continue to multiply, but much reduced rate: wrong answer as most of the bacteria will get killed above 80 degree Celsius.

d) They mutate in order to survive : Usually bacterial mutation occurs due to radiations or harmful chemicals.

e) They produce toxins which cause gastro enteritis when the food is eaten: wrong option as food poisoning bacterias will get killed at 75 degree Celsius itself.