Use a model to describe the factors that impact on the health of an individual.

Expert Solution

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Models of health is a ways thinking about health, health is defined as the state of complete physical, mental, and social well being ,not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Models include --

1. Ecologic model - recognizes multiple determinants and treats them as interrelated .there are many factors that influence a disease ex , heart disease, social factors, neighborhood ,etc. It is useful for considering potential impact for intervention across various sectors.

2. Epidemiologic triad- the epidemiology is defined as the study to distribution and determinants of states of health and illness in human population.It includes -

- classic model - health is not determined by single factor.

- triad includes- host, agent, environment ,work for infectious and non infectious disease.host could be person, family, or community.agent may be physical, chemical pollutants, vitamins, biological agents like viruses, bacteria.climatic factors,habitat, socioeconomic, disasters, earthquake.

3. Web of causation or causality- epidemiologic model that strongly emphasizes the concept of multiple causation while de- emphasizing the role of agents in explaining illness.

4. Biomedical model of health - it is a medical model of care practised by doctors and health professionals.It focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness.it is associated with diagnosis ,cure, and treatment of disease.examples include surgery to replace a hip, chemotherapy to treat cancer, by pass surgery, medication , x- ray diagnosis for broken bone, mammograms, blood test.

5. Social model of health- the model is based on the understanding that in order for health gains to occur ,social, economic, and environmental determinants, must be known.their are key principles -

a. Reduce social inequities.

b. Access to health care.

c. Inter- sectorial collaboration.

d. Empower individuals and communities .

e. Addresses the broader determinants of health.

5. The Ottawa charter for health promotion- charter refers to the document that outlines the function and principles of health promotion.there are three principles of health promotion i.e enable, mediate, advocate.

Thankyou.

Nightingale answered 2 years ago

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