Suppose in Fiscalville there is a 5 percent tax on the first $10,000 of income, but a 15 percent tax on earnings between $10,000 and $20,000 and a 25 percent tax on income between $20,000 and $30,000. Any income above $30,000 is taxed at 35 percent.

Instructions: Round your answers to the nearest whole number.

a. If your income is $40,000, how much will you pay in taxes?

b. Determine your marginal tax rate.

c. Determine your average tax rate.

d. Is this a progressive tax?

      (Click to select)  No  Yes

What is meant by the term criterion as it is used in personal selection? Give some examples of criteria used for jobs with which you are familiar?

Important: I need an example in a retail store company that illustrates this case.

Oil is an international commodity, whose price Canada takes as given. Starting around mid-2013 crude oil prices fell fairly quickly, stabilizing in mid-2015. Around the same period of time, the Canadian dollar depreciated relative to the US dollar.

Use the IS-LM-FX model to show how a decline in oil prices might lead to a depreciation of the Canadian currency.

1. We previously discussed the assumptions that define both competitive and monopoly markets. Which of the following is/are assumptions that are present in competitive markets but not present in monopoly markets?
a. Firms are profit maximizers
b. Firms incur marginal costs
c. Price equals marginal revenue
d. Markets are efficient and maximize total surplus
e. c and d are both correct
2. Suppose that the manufacture of widgets involves large economies of scale. In other words, as the scale of production grows for a single firm, long run ATC falls. Suppose further that a single firm enters this market first and invests heavily in capital equipment. Is this market likely to evolve into a monopoly and if so why?
a. This market may indeed evolve into a “natural monopoly” because of the presence of economies of scale and an aggressive and well-financed first entrant
b. This market cannot evolve into a monopoly because of the absence of barriers to entry
c. This market will not evolve into a monopoly because firms desire to maximize total surplus for society and themselves
d. This market will evolve into a monopoly because the government will likely confer a monopoly right on the first entrant
3. True or false. The law of copyright provides an example of a government created monopoly.
a. True
b. False
4. Which of the following are differences between competitive and monopoly markets?
a. Monopoly markets under-produce from societies standpoint
b. Positive economic profits in the long-run are possible in a monopoly market
c. For competitive firms, price equals marginal revenue
d. All of the above are differences
5. Which of the following best explains the welfare costs (the inefficiency) of monopoly markets?
a. A monopolist maximizes profits
b. A monopolist under produces such that there are units not produced for which marginal costs are less than willingness to pay of consumers (some positive surplus transactions are not enjoyed)
c. A monopolist charges a price greater than what a competitive market would charge for the same good
d. None of the above explains the welfare costs imposed by monopolies
6. Following up on question 5 above, your answer demonstrates which of the following terms?
a. Perfect competition
b. Consumer surplus
c. Deadweight loss
d. Average total costs

Primarily, our discussions have been focused on the supply side of the basic economic model of supply and demand. We examined numerous models dealing with the matters of demand. This question is focused on the issues of supply. There are four basic industry formations: perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly and monopoly. Each is a gradation of a number of factors, but primarily it is about the ability of an individual firm to control the environment in which it operates. The topic of this question is very simple. Please ‘line up’ each of the industries, and provide me with your list of those characteristics of each that are the same, and those that are different. You should list them if they are similarities between one or two industries, and if they are dissimilar across one or two industries as well. Please remember that similarities of the decision making that takes place in a firm in each industry, and identify which are similar and which are dissimilar, and why. You should be concerned with the long run and the short run when considering your answers. You will note, I’m sure that it is important to identify for each of the industry formations, what the short run and the long run are, because the definitions in each industry are one of the distinctions. Please ensure that your answers are complete.

it does'nt matter what industries to be considered and lets say 2 to 3 industries should be considered.
thanks

For the "Theory of Rational Addiction"article by Becker and Murphy

What is the main question/behaviour that the paper models?

What are the costs and benefits of that behaviour for different agents in the model?

Conclusion of the model?

1. Describe, in your own words, the MP curve. What does the slope of the MP curve tell you?

2. At equilibrium (i.e., no aggregate demand shocks, and short-run output Y˜ = 0), what level does the MP curve stay at? Why?

3. Assume that the Central Bank decides to raise interest rates.

(a) Which rate does the Central Bank actually raise - the nominal or the real?

(b) Explain why the MP curve shifts. Why is the assumption of sticky prices important?

(c) Consider the IS and MP curves together. How does the Central Bank’s change in the interest rate impact short-run output Y˜ ?

13. If a 10% increase in the price of gas causes a 40% decrease in the demand for standard sized autos, then the cross-price elasticity of demand is:
Possible answers: -4.00    -3.00    -2.50    -2.00    -1.75    -1.33

14. If the price elasticity of demand of for gasoline is 2.7, then a 20% increase in the quantity demanded is caused by:
Possible answers: a. 7.41% decrease in the price of gasoline            b. 8.33% increase in the price of gasoline            c. 11.54% decrease in the price of gasoline             d. 11.54% increase in the price of gasoline            e. 16.67% increase in the price of gasoline            f. 16.67% decrease in the price of gasoline

15. Suppose the price of 40 inch LCD televisions decreases by 20%. If their price elasticity of demand is 0.85, then this price decrease will cause a:15.       a.    25% decrease in quantity demanded            b.   13% decrease in quantity demanded            c.    9% decrease in quantity demanded             d.    7% decrease in quantity demanded            e.   6% decrease in quantity demanded            f.   17% increase in quantity demanded

16. A business report claims that the median home price of existing homes fell from $300000 to $175000. Over the same time period the quantity demanded of these homes sold increased from 2150000 to 4200000. Using the arc elasticity formula, calculate the arc elasticity implied. The arc formula is: E = q1-q2/p1-2 * p1+p2/q1+q2
Possible answers: a. 0.200            b. 0.591            c. 0.193            d. 0.535            e. 0.715            f. 1.23

17. The demand for a product in income inelastic with an elasticity coefficient of 0.85. If there is a 25% increase in demand due to increased income, then the increase in income must be: a. 29.4%            b. 70.0%            c. 48%            d. 30.7%            e. 120%            f. 52.5%

Please show work on how you solved the problems.

Pick one or two real cases happened in your real life, try to find and analyze the economic law issues in them by using the rules we mentioned in Economic Law.

describe the similarities between utilitarianism and duty-based ethics.what are some examples of each?

1. a. We are analyzing the market for a particular good and are given the following equations for demand and supply: P=10-Q and P=Q-4. First, determine the equilibrium price and quantity in this market.

b. Suppose the government wants to create a disincentive for the consumption of this good by placing a tax on the good in the amount of $1. How much less will be sold? How much will the buyer pay and how much will the seller get?

c. How much different would the outcomes be if the tax was instead a subsidy (you can assume a subsidy in the same amount -- $1)? When would a subsidy be used?

Briefly explain why the unemployment rate is, on average, higher in many other developed countries than the United States and given examples of such higher averages. In your explanation, touch on at least 2 labor market factors.

What are the main arguments made by opponents of government “stimulus” spending? How does Wolfson address each of these points?

How is this question especially relevant in spring 2020?

Two firms, LexCorp and Wayne Enterprises, have access to five production processes, each one of which has a different cost and gives off a different amount of pollution. The daily costs of the processes and the corresponding number of tons of smoke emitted are as shown in the following table: Process (smoke) A (4 tons/day) B (3 tons/day) C (2 tons/day) D (1 ton/day) E (0 tons/day) LexCorp ($/day) 80 130 200 310 500 Wayne Enterprises ($/day) 150 190 240 300 370 a. If pollution is unregulated, which production process will each firm choose, and what will be the total daily smoke emission? The firms will choose . The total daily smoke emission would be per day. b. The City Council wants to reduce total emissions down to 2 tons of smoke per day. To accomplish this, it requires each firm to reduce its emissions to 1 ton of smoke per day. What will be the total cost to society of this policy? Total cost to society will be $ . c. The City Council again wants to reduce total emissions down to 2 tons of smoke per day. This time the City Council sets a tax of $T per day on each ton of smoke emitted. How large will T have to be to reduce total emissions down to 2 tons of smoke per day? Specifically, what is the smallest whole dollar tax on each ton of smoke emitted that will guarantee that total emissions fall to 2 tons per day? Under this tax, what production process will each firm choose? If the revenue collected from taxing emissions is used to offset other taxes, then what will be the total cost to society of this policy? T would have to be $ . Under this tax, LexCorp will choose and Wayne Enterprises will choose . The total cost to society would be $ . d. Comparing the policy in part b and part c, which imposes the smallest total cost on society? Explain. The policy in part b because it concentrates pollution reduction at the firm whose marginal cost of reducing pollution is the lowest. The policy in part c because it concentrates pollution reduction at the firm whose total cost of reducing pollution is the lowest. The policy in part c because it concentrates pollution reduction at the firm whose marginal cost of reducing pollution is the lowest. The policy in part b because it concentrates pollution reduction at the firm whose total cost of reducing pollution is the lowest.