Question

Patient presents with uremia and Glomerular Filtration Rate (GRF) of 15. What state of CRF (Chronic Renal Failure) is this patient in? What should be the next medical course of action and why?

Answer 1

Chronic Kidney Disease which is otherwise known as Chronic Renal Failure,is a condition which is prevalent in elderly.It is the damage of the kidneys with or without GFR rate and is clinically presented by marked changes in the composition of blood or urine.Diabetes and Hypertensive disorders are the two main contributing factorsof CRF.

Based on Kidney function there are mainly five stages for CKD,from which we can determine how much damage has occured to the kidney.

Stage 1:The Glomerular Filtration rate(GFR) will be between 90-120 and characterized with a minimal loss of kidney function.

Stage 2:The GFR rate will be between 60-89,exhibiting mild to moderate loss of function of kidneys.

Stage3:The GFR rate is30-59,showing moderate to severe loss of kidney function.

Stage4:The GFR rate will be 16-29 marked with anaemia,high blood pressure and increasing levels phosphate,calcium and vitamin D,with a severe loss of kidney function.

Stage 5:GFR rate will be 15 or less,kidney failure characterized with nausea, vomiting,shortness of breath,oedema changes in the lab values,hypertension.

Uraemic Syndrome is commonly seen in patients with advanced kidney failure.When the GFR rate is between 10 to 15ml\min it indicates failure of kidneys and eventual dysfunction of the organ.

when the patient is suspected of ESRD, the next immediate action to be taken is Kidney replacement therapy with dialysis or transplantation.CKD is also known as End stage renal disease(ESRD).If dialysis or kidney transplantation is done ,most of the people survive for years,since ESRD has no cure.Dialysis can only do some of the work,your healthy kidneys have been doing,but not all ,so kidney failure patients should take restrictions while taking fluids and diets,