Question

3.1. Explain the concepts "Procedures" and "Modularity" as related to programming.

3.2. Explain each of the class members that belong to object orientated programming.

Answer 1

Modularity

modularity is ,dividing a computer program to different sub-programs. A module is a separate component of whole program. the advantages of using the concept modularity are

Ease of Use :This approach make programing simple, if we dont use modularity we have to manage entire thousands of lines code as a single component.

Ease of debugging: It is hard to manage entire thousands of lines code as a single component.if it is sub divided. debugging will be more efficient.

Reusability :It help the user to reuse the component of code without typing again.

Procedures.

Procedures basic building block of a programming language.

procedure is a set of (coded) instructions that help computer to understand how to run a program / calculation. different programming languages such as java, c++ etc has their own procedure. a procedure is also called function / asubroutine /sub program .

Class members

Class members are members of a class. they are declared inside a particular class.

following can be Class members .

variables   - name given to memmory location

Constants - representing constant values

Methods - do some particular actions ( calculation , functions)

instance constructor - initialize members of class.

statc constructor - initialize class itself.

destructor - to execute actions before discarding a class instance.

Properties of class - define actions to fetch and modify class elements,

Types- used in the local class

Events - used for communication betwen different clases or objects

Indexes - given to class instances ( like given arrays ) for accessing it