Explain in detail instruction cycle. Explain the architecture of 8085 register.

Explain in detail instruction cycle.

Explain the architecture of 8085 register.

Expert Solution

Solution 1: An instruction cycle is nothing but a set of certain steps that have to be executed in a certain order to execute the instructions from the time system is turned on to the time it is shut down. It is implemented by the central processing unit and it basically includes four steps and they are fetch, decode, and execute the instruction. In the fetch step, the instruction is actually fetched by the CPU from the memory that has to be executed, decode means that the CPU actually tries to understand what kind of instruction it is and how it should be implemented. Finally, the execute step is implemented by the CPU that basically involves the execution of the instruction by the CPU and the transmission of the results to the memory. Please find attached the figure for the instruction cycle that is implemented by the CPU down below:

Solution 2: 8085 microprocessor is a famous microprocessor that has been widely used in the field of research as well as development. It basically has three kinds of registers

General Purpose Registers: It has six general-purpose registers that can store 8-bits of data and their names are B, C, D , E, H, and L. These registers can be used for storing the temporary data during the execution of the instructions by the CPU.
Specific Purpose Registers: It has six registers out of which five of them are flag registers and one of them is an accumulator. The accumulator is an 8-bit register that can be used for storing the results of any arithmetic operation that is executed by the ALU.
Memory Registers: These registers are actually used for holding the memory addresses while the fetch instruction is performed by the CPU, they are 16-but registers and there are two kinds of registers that are used for this purpose in 8085.
1. Program Counter is actually used to point to the next location in the memory from where the next byte of the instruction is going to be fetched.
2. Stack Pointer is used for pointing to the location in the memory area widely known as stack and it is actually used as a pointer.

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