Consider three engines that each use 1650 J of heat from a hot reser- voir (temperature...

Consider three engines that each use 1650 J of heat from a hot reser- voir (temperature = 550 K). These three engines reject heat to a cold reservoir (temperature = 330 K). Engine I rejects 1120 J of heat. Engine II rejects 990 J of heat. Engine III rejects 660 J of heat. One of the engines operates reversibly, and two operate irreversibly. However, of the two irreversible engines, one violates the second law of thermodynamics and could not exist. For each of the engines determine the total entropy change of the universe, which is the sum of the entropy changes of the hot and cold reservoirs. On the basis of your calculations, identify which engine operates reversibly, which operates irreversibly and could exist, and which operates irreversibly and could not exist.

Expert Solution

genius_generous answered 2 years ago

Consider three engines that each use 2160 J of heat from a hot reservoir (temperature =...

Consider three engines that each use 2160 J of heat from a hot reservoir (temperature = 540 K). These three engines reject heat to a cold reservoir (temperature = 335 K). Engine I rejects 1497 J of heat. Engine II rejects 655 J of heat. Engine III rejects 1340 J of heat. One of the engines operates reversibly, and two operate irreversibly. However, of the two irreversible engines, one violates the second law of thermodynamics and could not exist. For...

Consider three engines that each use 1695 J of heat from a hot reservoir (temperature =...

Consider three engines that each use 1695 J of heat from a hot reservoir (temperature = 565 K). These three engines reject heat to a cold reservoir (temperature = 325 K). Engine I rejects 975 J of heat. Engine II rejects 655 J of heat. Engine III rejects 1108 J of heat. One of the engines operates reversibly, and two operate irreversibly. However, of the two irreversible engines, one violates the second law of thermodynamics and could not exist. For...

a hot reservoir at 576k transfers 2100 j of heat irreversibly to a cold reservoir at...

a hot reservoir at 576k transfers 2100 j of heat irreversibly to a cold reservoir at 350 k. Find change in entropy of the universe.

Suppose that 300.0 J of heat is transferred by conduction from a heat reservoir at a...

Suppose that 300.0 J of heat is transferred by conduction from a heat reservoir at a temperature of 415.0 K to another reservoir. Calculate the entropy change if the temperature of the second reservoir is 100.0 K

Compute the total quantity of heat (both in Kcal and J) required to raise the temperature...

Compute the total quantity of heat (both in Kcal and J) required to raise the temperature of 1.00 kg of ice at -10.0 degrees C to 1.00 kg of steam at 110.0 degrees C. Assume no loss of mass or heat in this process. Note that this will requires several computations that must be completely added up, and you must include all phase changes and use the correct specific heats.

A sample of calcium carbonate [CaCO3 (s)] absorbs 45.5 J of heat, upon which the temperature...

A sample of calcium carbonate [CaCO3 (s)] absorbs 45.5 J of heat, upon which the temperature of the sample increases from 21.1C to 28.5C. If the specific heat of calcium carbonate is 0.82 J/g-K, what is the mass (in grams) of the sample? I have this answer: heat absorbed = mass of sample * specific heat of sample * change in temp of the sample 45.5 = mass * 0.82 * (28.5-21.1) mass = 7.5 g But my main question...

Consider a heat engine that is 40% efficient and operating with a furnace at a temperature...

Consider a heat engine that is 40% efficient and operating with a furnace at a temperature of 727oC with a cooling reservoir at 27oC •A. If the heat engine withdraws 1MJ/s from the furnace, what is the rate of entropy loss from the furnace? • •B. What would be the rate of entropy gain in the cold reservoir? • •C. What is the total entropy gain of the system? D. Do A , B, and C again with zero efficiency...

What final temperature would you expect from a chemical hot pack with an initial temperature of...

What final temperature would you expect from a chemical hot pack with an initial temperature of 25.0 oC that mixes 20.00 g of CaCl2(∆H = -82.9 kJ/mol) with 300.0 g water? Assume that the specific heat of the solution is 4.18 J/goC.

7.) The target temperature for a hot beverage the moment it is dispensed from a vending...

7.) The target temperature for a hot beverage the moment it is dispensed from a vending machine is 173◦F. A sample of 15 randomly selected servings from a newly manufactured vending machine gave a mean temperature of 170◦F with a standard deviation of 6.4◦F. Using our 6-step process, test that the mean tem- perature dispensed from this new machine differs from the target temperature.

The following heat engines produce power of 95,000 kW. Determine in each case the rates at...

The following heat engines produce power of 95,000 kW. Determine in each case the rates at which heat is absorbed from the hot reservoir and discarded to the cold reservoir. a. A carnot engine operates between heat reservoir at 750K and 300K. b. A practical engine operates between the same heat reservoirs but with a thermal efficiency n = 0.35 *Please show are the formulas and steps how to do this problem please.

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