7.1. Explain briefly what you understand by each of the following terms, as used in the context of Life Cycle Assessment. Provide an example in each case.   

Problem Shifting

Functional Unit

Characterisation             

please type it in a computer   

Suggest a reasonable choice of functional unit for use in a life cycle assessment (LCA) of each of the following products. In each case write a sentence or two justifying your choice.                                                                 [8 marks]

-Paint used for decorating

-Washing powder                     

PLEASE DO IT ON COMPUTER

BEST REGARDS

(i) Write down the wave equation and find the general solution for longitudinal vibration of a beam using the method of separation of variable separation.

(ii) Find three lowest natural frequencies of longitudinal vibration of 1.5m beam with free-free boundary conditions at the ends. The modules of elasticity is 200e^9 N/m and density 7500 kg/m³.

In an orthogonal machining test, we have the following data:

Chip width = 2.5mm

Chip thickness after cut = 1 mm

Cutting ratio = 0.25

Chip – tool contact length on the tool rake = 1 mm

Rake angle = -5 degrees (negative rake)

Cutting force = 900N

Thrust force = 900N

a)       Calculate the mean shear stress on the shear plane

b)      Calculate the mean frictional stress on the tool rake

Make the calculations using the cutting ratio formula and the geometry of the force circle; calculating the resultant force, the shear force on the shear plane and the area of the shear plane. Also, find the frictional force on the rake and the chip-tool contact area.

A steel string of length 2.0 meters and mass 15g/m is stretched with a tension of 120 N and is fixed at both ends.

(i)   Write down the wave equation and find the general solution for string oscillations using the method of variable separation.

(ii)   Find the 1^st three natural frequencies and draw the corresponding mode shapes.

Using excel UserForm construct a Flowchart that solves a quadratic equation ax^2+bx+c=0 for changingvalues of a, b and c. Please also display the code you have used.

Please use excel UserForm

Thanks

How to choose suitable hydraulic components for a parallel hydraulic hybrid vehicle? Explain briefly for each components (pump, motor, accumulator and etc)

Using CNCSimulator Pro, engrave (KAU) on a workpiece

List the conditions to be met for a thermodynamic process to be accurately described as a steady state, steady flow process. Write down a mathematical expression for the First Law of Thermodynamics as applied to such a process, explaining clearly the notation and sign conventions used. A pumped domestic shower unit incorporates an electrical resistance heater to increase the temperature of liquid water before it is directed towards the shower head. The heater in a specific model draws 7.2 kW of electric power and operates in a steady state with an inlet water supply temperature of 5degrees celcius during cold weather. (A) What inlet water flow rate (in litres per minute) can be sustained if the outlet water temperature is to be 50degrees celcius at the exit from the heater? (B) What exit temperature (oC) would be achieved if this water flow rate were increased by 60%?

According to metal additive manufacturing, what are the variables impact the two quality issues below, explain in details how and why pressure, force, temperature and time affect them. a. surface finish. b. dimensional accuracy.

In no more than 300 words, describe the differences between a typical elastomeric engine mount and a typical hydramount. You should use diagrams, theory and mathematical models where appropriate to highlight the key differences and positives and negatives of both.

A model of an air ship is to be studied. The prototype is envisaged to be 8 m long with a diameter of 750 mm and the model is to be 300 mm long. What should the diameter of the model be? What should the diameter velocity in a wind tunnel be to simulate actual conditions? If the drag on the full model is found to be x N, what would the drag on the prototype be?

(Using Matlab)We are given data about a charity organization in table 1 Days 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Donation 23 45 60 82 111 140 167 198 200 220 Table 1: Donation collection by the charity organization Assume that x corresponds to the independent variable. Compute linear, quadratic and cubic fit for the data using regression techniques and plot them on three different graphs, all on the same figure. Use an appropriate small interval to create your plots. Mark the original data with green circles. Give appropriate titles and labels for the graph. Explain in few sentences which model best represents the data and why? Now, use the best model to find the value of the donation collection for 25th day. Print this value.

According to the metal additive manufacturing process identify and explain the reason behind the key processing limits below. a.limits of the equipment used. b.limits of the material being processed.

A vehicle which is equipped with a 6 cylinder, 2000 cc spark ignition engine is cruising at an average speed of 150 km/h from Ankara to Istanbul on the highway. The mass of the vehicle with single driver is 1200 kg and its projected frontal area is 3 m2. The coefficient of rolling resistance is 0.015 and the discharge coefficient is 0.3. The distance between Istanbul and Ankara is approximately 450 km. Assuming an average brake specific fuel consumption of 250 g/hp-h, calculate how many liters of fuel will be used during this journey ( r fuel = 0.73 g/cc and ambient air density r a=1.2 kg/m3).