An industrial coal-fired boiler for process steam is equipped with a 10-year-old electrostatic precipitator (ESP). Changes in coal quality have caused stack emissions to be in noncompliance with federal standards for particulate. Two mutually exclusive alternatives have been proposed to rectify this problem (doing nothing is not an option). New Baghouse: Capital investment $1,140,000, Annual operating expenses $73,200. New ESP: Capital Investment $992,500, Annual operating expenses $115,500. The life of both alternatives is 10 years, the effective tax rate is 40% and the after-tax MARR is 9%. Both alternatives qualify as seven-year MACRS (GDS) equipment. Make a recommendation regarding which alternative to select based on after-tax analysis using NPV.

A cross bar of a planer weighing 9 kN is raised and lowered by means of two square threaded screws
of 40 mm outside diameter and 6 mm pitch. The screw is made of steel and nut of phosphor bronze
having 42 mm height. A steel collar bearing with 30 mm mean radius takes the axial thrust. The
coefficient of friction at the threads and at the collar may be assumed as 0.14 and 0.10 respectively.
Find the force required at a radius of 120 mm of a handwheel to raise and lower the load. Find also the
shear stress in the nut material and the bearing pressure on the threads.

Charlie Chaplin’s Modern Times offers a parody of the assembly line grounded in real events. identify two scenes from the movie (you can either describe them briefly or use screen shots) that capture historical realities and one that you believe is an unwarranted exaggeration.

A thin tungsten wire (i.e. a filament) is heated to a given temperature T. In the visible range (i.e. wave length between 0.39µm and 0.77µm), Determine the following for the four cases listed below:

(a) the band fraction of emitted radiation energy

(b) the blackbody radiation energy emitted

The four cases correspond to to following values of T: (i) T=500K (ii) T=1500K (iii)T=2500K (iv) T=3500K

The melting temperature of tungsten is 3698K. Show all calculation details.

Consider a Carnot-cycle heat pump with R-410a as the working fluid. Heat is rejected from the R410a at 35 oC, during which process the R-410a changes from saturated vapor to saturated liquid. The heat is transferred to the R-410a at 0 oC. The specific volume during the isothermal heat addition process at 0 oC changes from 0.00841 m3 /kg to 0.02994 m3 /kg.

a. Show the cycle on P-T, P-v, and T-v diagrams.

b. Find the quality at the beginning and at the end of the isothermal heat addition process at 0 oC.

c. Find the pressure and specific volume at the four points.

d. Find the specific heat and specific work at each process.

e. Find the net specific heat and the net specific work during the cycle.

f. Determine the COP of the cycle using heat and work.

g. Determine the COP of the cycle using temperatures.

A system for the storage of thermal energy is to be designed using an underground tank of water. The tank is buried at a depth of 3 m and is a cube of 1 m on each side. The water in the tank is heated by circulating it through a solar energy collection system. A given heat input to the water may be assumed due to the solar energy flux. Characterize the design problem in terms of the fixed quantities and design variables. please solve and explain

1. Is the strength of a beam under a static load necessarily related its stiffness?

2. Distinguish between primary failure and secondary failure.

NOTE: What would the anwser be if it was a square plate with a circular hole?

The metallic, circular plate of diameter D and thickness t, has a concentric hole of diameter h in its middle, as shown. Metal density is ? = 8000 kg/m3 ; D = 5 cm.

1) When h = 0 (no hole), determine the maximum thickness t [in mm] so that the plate can stay afloat on the surface of water at 20°C.

2) The plate’s thickness is now 1 mm. Show that, in order for the plate to stay afloat on water surface, the hole’s diameter h satisfies a quadratic equation of the form h2 + Ah + B = 0, where A and B are constants. Using S.I. units [m, kg, s] and with h in m, determine the numerical values of A and B.

Water is contained in a closed, rigid, 0.2 m³ tank at an initial pressure of 5 bar and a quality of 50%. Heat transfer occurs until the tank contains only saturated vapor. Determine a)the final mass of vapor in the tank, in kg,b) the final pressure, in bar.

1. _____ lead to distortion surrounding the welded joints.

(a) Residual stresses (b) Cracks (c) Overlap (d) Incomplete fusion

2. Which of the following is NOT an issue in welded joints?

(a) Porosity (b) Cracks (c) Residual Stresses (d) Hot Shots

3. Which of the following is a solid state welding processes?

(a) Brazing (b) Soldering (c) Cold Welding (d) SMAW

4. In which of the following welding processes, filler metals only are melted at temperatures above 450°C?

(a) Brazing (b) Soldering (c) Cold Welding (d) SMAW

5. Which of the following is involved in friction welding process:

(a) Heat (b) Pressure (c) Both of them (d) None of them

6. In resistance welding, the required energy is generated by chemical reactions

(a) True (b) False

What is transient heat transfer? why it is important?

Please type the answer

Q) For the short to medium- term (10 to 50 years). State a minimum of five realistic steps (not subsidies) that can be implemented to achieve a sustainable energy solution for the world.

Please type the answer

Q) For the short to medium- term (10 to 50 years). State a minimum of five realistic steps (not subsidies) that can be implemented to achieve a sustainable energy solution for the world.

An interesting flow results from superposition of a point source with strength m located at the origin and a uniform flow of strength U. Find the complex potential for this flow combination and graph the streamlines. Then, find the stagnation points and find the streamfunction at the stagnation point.

A refrigerant (R-134 A) at 0.8 MPa and 30 deg Celcius is throttled in a steady flow to a lower pressure and a temperature of -10 deg Celcius. What is the specific entropy generated? You can make the usual assumptions that are made for a throttle.