Crude oil of density 970 kg.m-3 flows in a pipe of internal diameter 9 inches and circular section that exhibits a 90° bend in the horizontal plane. The flowrate of the oil is 11,000 litres per minute. Calculate the force imparted by the oil on the bend due to the change of momentum of the fluid, and draw a diagram to indicate the direction of this force.

120 kilograms of saturated water at 2.32 MPa pressure is heated to saturated vapor at same pressure. Determine heat required for the process.

Refrigerant-134a is throttled from the saturated liquid state at 700 kPa to a pressure of 160 kPa. Determine the temperature drop during this process and the final specific volume of the refrigerant.

A heavily insulated steam turbine operates steadily and is supplied with 1 kg/s steam at 2MPa, 400 deg C. If the outlet temperature is 100 deg C and the turbine has an output of 1000 kW determine the quality of the outlet steam, the rate of entropy generation and the isentropic efficiency of the turbine. (Changes in kinetic and potential energy are negligible).

A heavily insulated steam turbine operates steadily and is supplied with 1 kg/s steam at 2MPa, 400 deg C. If the outlet temperature is 100 deg C and the turbine has an output of 1000 kW determine the quality of the outlet steam, the rate of entropy generation and the isentropic efficiency of the turbine. (Changes in kinetic and potential energy are negligible).

CFD question

How does interfacial density relate to drag and saltation model?

Explain the failure criteria in 2-D stress-strain analysis.

Consider a 2-mm-diameter sphere immersed in a fluid at 300 K and 1 atm.

(a) If the fluid around the sphere is quiescent and extensive, show that the conduction limit of heat transfer from the sphere can be expressed as NuD,cond = 2. Hint: Begin with the expression for the thermal resistance of a hollow sphere, letting r2 →∞ and then expressing the result in terms of the Nusselt number.

(b) Considering free convection, at what surface temperature will the Nusselt number be twice that for the conduction limit? Consider air and water as the fluids.

(c) Considering forced convection, at what velocity will the Nusselt number be twice that for the conduction limit? Consider air and water as the fluids.

In a manufacturing system, 5 workers pick parts from a raw materials bin. After picking the parts, the workers move towards a cell that is composed of 5 manual turning machines. The workers then load the parts onto the machines and then starts the machining process. Once the workers are satisfied that the machining process is complete they stop the machines and unload the parts inspect the machined parts and when satisfied places the machines parts in a finished parts bin. The workers then load the waiting parts. The same activities are repeated on the manual lathes machines until the raw materials bin is empty.

For the manufacturing system described above:

1- Identify the various levels of automation in this system. Justify your answer.

2- Use the USA principle to identify opportunities for automating the manual system described above

3- Given that demand for the machined parts is very high, discuss a suitable automation migration strategy for this manufacturing system

Calculate the weight of steel saved if a 250 mile crude pipeline (class 2 location) operating at 1440 psia MAOP upgrades its steel from grade b (35,000 psi) to x-70. 16” Pipeline

i have to plot time and frequency domains and then calculate damping ratio for the underdamped system using the log decrement method then convert the time domain into frequency domain using the fourier transfor codes.

Liquid at 23 (degrees C) flows at 2 m/s over a smooth, sharp-edged, flat surface 12 cm in length which is kept at 57 (degrees C). Calculate h at the trailing edge

a) if the fluid is water

b) if the fluid is glycerin (h=346 W/m^2-K)

c) Compare the drage forces in the two cases

How does a commercial ice machine exactly work? Take Hoshizacki for example (MODEL KM-515MWH and MODEL KML-600MWH). They have both water-cooled and air-cooled models that make ice. I want to know how these machines work mechanically during a cycle to create ice. How should the time vs. kW graph look for a cycle? Can you label the diagram to show which parts are working during each phase? How would you also figure out how efficient machine is?

A brass rod 25.00 mm long and 5.00 mm in diameter extends horizontally from a casting at 200°C. The rod is in an air environment with T∞ =20°C and h=30 W/m2·K. What is the temperature of the rod 6.25, 12.50, and 25.00 mm from the casting?