Give an example in which potential energy is transformed to thermal energy (U goes to Eth)

Expert Solution

The most basic example would be a ball being dropped from a height. The ball+earth system has some potential energy when the ball is at its initial position (at a height). Now when it's released, it collides with earth. The collision in a practical sense would be an inelastic collision (neither purely elastic, nor purely non-elastic). So in that process the Kinetic energy that would have been gained while falling down would be lost partly. And this part of Potential energy lost (lost while it was converted to kinetic energy) is experienced in the form of heat (thermal energy) for both the ball and earth.

Another example could be a compressed spring block allowed to oscillate on a rough horizontal surface. The potential energy in the spring (due to its compression) would be lost eventually completely in the form of heat released (thermal energy) as it slides over the rough surface (with friction doing negative work).

genius_generous answered 2 months ago

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