Question

Problem 1: How much time do Americans living in or near cities spend waiting in traffic, and how much does waiting in traffic cost them per year? The file Congestion includes this cost for 31 cities. (Source: Data extracted from “The high Cost of Congestion,” Time, October 17, 2011, p.18.)

1. a) Compute the mean, median, first quartile, and third quartile.

2. b) Compute the range, interquartile range, variance, and standard deviation.

3. c) Compute the covariance between the time spent sitting in traffic and the cost of sitting in

   traffic.

4. d) Computethecorrelationbetweenthetimespentsittingintrafficandthecostofsittingin

   traffic.

5. e) Based on the results of (a) through (d), what conclusions might you reach concerning the

   time spent waiting in traffic and the cost of waiting in traffic?

6. f) Create a histogram for each of the two variables: the time Americans living in or near cities

   spend waiting in traffic and the cost of waiting per year.

7. g) Create a scatter plot for the two variables and fit a straight line to the points. Show the

   equation of the fitted line.

City	Annual Time Sitting in Traffic (hours)	Cost of Sitting in Traffic ($)
Boston	47	980
New York	54	1126
Philadelphia	42	864
Washington	74	495
Miami	38	785
Detroit	33	687
Cleveland	20	383
Minneapolis	45	916
Milwaukee	27	541
Chicago	71	1568
St. Louis	30	642
Nashville	35	722
Memphis	23	477
Atlanta	43	824
New Orleans	35	746
Omaha	21	389
Wichita	20	379
Dallas	45	924
Houston	57	1171
Denver	49	993
Albuquerque	25	525
Phoenix	35	821
Salt Lake City	27	512
Las Vegas	28	512
Boise	19	345
Seattle	44	942
Portland	37	744
San Francisco	50	1019
San Jose	37	721
Los Angeles	64	1334
San Diego	38	794

Answer 1

R code with output is attached herewith