Question

1. You are working in a hospital and a patient was brought in with purple rash covering their body. You need to explain to the others that this patient has a Neisseria meningitidis blood poisoning. I. Explain the pathogenesis of the disease and what is the virulence factor? II. How does the bacterium defend its self against the immune system? III. How such a disease is to be treated and why the use of this treatment method. IV. Explain why even with treatment patient’s conditions may still worsen?

Answer 1

Pathogenesis of Neisseria meningitis:

• Due to ethiloethol factors like bacteria with attack the lining between the brain and skull called the meninges.
• Infected fluid from the meninges then passes into the spinal cord causing symptoms including stiff neck, fever and rashes.
• The meninges begin to swell which affects the central nervous system.

Virulence factors includes

1. Capsular polysaccharides.
2. igA protease.
3. Plasmids
4. Fimloriae .
5. Lipopolysaccharide
6. Por A and por B protein
7. Iron binding.

Bacterium defined it self aganisa immune system:

CD14 may sensitize the innate mucosal immune system to gram negative bacteria which includes protection from specific pathogen.

Treatment:

3 generation broad spectrum antibiotics are

• Cefotaxime
• Benzyl pencillipe
• Chloramphenicol
• Cefotaxime

Support measures:

• IV fluids
• Oxigen
• Inotropic support .ex- dopamine
• Steroid therapy.

The patient condition still worsen because of Neisseria meningitis should receive IV antibiotics before result of lumber puncture as delay in the treatment worsen the prognosis.