Question

Q3: Exhibit the research methodology associated formulating the research problem, extensive literature survey, development of working hypotheses and preparing the research design?

Mention the references at the end.

Solution to be typed up to 500 words.

Answer 1

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Searching for knowledge is known as resarch.

Research methodology means solving a problem in a systematic way.

The justification, explanation, description of various methods for conducting research constitutes a research methodology.

The Research process constitutes of the folowing steps:

1)Formulating the research problem.

2)Extensive literature survey.

3)Development of working hypothesis.

4)Preparing the research design.

5)Determining the sample design.

6)Collection of data.

7)Execution of the project.

8)Analysis of data.

9)Hypothesis testing.

10)Generalisation and Interpretation.

11)Preparation of the report.

1)FORMULATING THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

Research problem is a statement or expression with definite clearity about the area chosen,which will be a condition to improve, or a problem having troubles in theory, or which is difficult to eliminate.

A Research problem must contain the following characteristics:

-The important needs or issues must be reflected.

-Factual evidence must be based.

-The problem must be relevant and manageable.

-Useless answers must be avoided.

Formulating the research problem makes the purpose of your study very clearly to yourself and the target readers.

Formulating the research problem must be done in the given ways:

-The Research objectives must be specified.

-The environment or context of the research problem must be reviewed.

-The nature of research problem must be explored.

-The variable relationships must be determined clearly.

-The possible consequences of alternative approaches must be anticipated.

2)EXTENSIVE LITERATURE SURVEY

Before the definition of a research problem,all the available literature concerning the problem must be surveyed and examined necessarily.

The researcher must be conversant with the relevant theories in the field,records and reports as all other relevant literature.

In reviewing research of already undertaken on related problems,the researcher must devote sufficient time.

Thus by doing all these,the researcher is able to find what data and other materials are available for operational purposes.

3) DEVELOPMENT OF WORKING HYPOTHESIS

Working Hypothesis is a foundation tool which is used for the research process and it is not proven to be right or wrong.

Working Hypothesis  is also known as an assumption to start a research or we can call it as an educated guess.

The working hypothesis is linked to exploratory research process and it is very flexible.

The main intention of working hypothesis is to help the researcher for organizing his work.

Exploratory topics of research are ordered in order to allow hypothesis and sub-hypothesis.

The existing research must be organized.

The research tools which includes questionnaires and interview questions are developed by working hypothesis.

4)PREPARING THE RESEARCH DESIGN

A plan for answering the research question is known as research design.

Research design can also known as research methods or framework which is chosen by the researcher.

The main essential characteristics of research design include:

-Neutrality

-Reliability

-Validity

-Generalization

The type of research which includes experimental,survey,correlational,semi-experimental,review and sub type of research which includes experimental design,research problem,descriptive case-study are explained in the design of a research topic.

REFERENCES:

1. Saravanavel,P "Research Methodology", Kitalmahal, Allahabad.

2. Paneerselvam.R "Research Methodology", Prentice Hall of India New Delhi.