Question

please create a tool for Gene Expression. This may be a series of drawings, well-organized typed notes, ( Don't handwrite)

You must include ALL the following terms:

Gene

DNA

Transcription

Translation

Codon

RNA

Amino Acid

Protein

Ribosome

tRNA

Promoter

Plasmid

Frameshift

Mutation

Base

Substitution

Missense Mutation

Nonsense Mutation

Silent Mutation

Answer 1

In Gene expression there is a DNA molecule ,it contains all the information about the organism,the information presant in the DNA is converted in to RNA which is called as transcription,RNA cannot function itself it is translated in to a product called protein,this protein has the ability to function with in the organism to give a desired function.

The gene that is presant on the DNA defines the function of the protein ,this gene cannot express directly ,so it goes through the series of processes.

Gene is the segment of DNA on the chromosome ,Genes are located on the specific locus of chromosome .

In mRNA every group of three nucleotides code for one amino acid,A codon is simply three nucleotides codes to one amino acid.Polypeptideis the chain of amino acids that are held together.through process of translation mRNA is read ,this tranlation occurs inside the organelle called ribosome.mRNA is made to run through ribosomes ,the ribosomes put together the coressponding chains of aminoacids known as polypeptide.

Aminoacids are floating around the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum,the tRNA molecules bring those aminoacids in to the ribosomes,which helps in the protein synthesis.

Plasmids are autonomously replicating circular pieces of Bacterial DNA.

promoter is a region of DNA that initiates transcription of a specific gene.

Some times the genes undergo mutations it involves the change in the order of the bases(A,C,T,G) that makeup the gene

Deletion(removal of base)

Addition(extra base is added)

Substitution(one base is added instead of anoother base)

Frame shift mutation is the insertion or deletion of base resulting in nonfunctional protein.

Silent mutation causes changes in the base sequence but there is no change in the protein that is made.

Mis sense mutation ,there is the substitution of the base which results in the change of the protein that is made.

Nonsense mutation,it is the single base substitution that causes premature stop in the translation process by creating stop codon.