Question

WORKSHEET:  NEPHRITIS/NEPHROSIS

Acute Glomerular Nephritis	Nephrosis (Nephrotic Syndrome)
Definition:	Definition:
Cause:	Cause:
Incidence/Age/Course:	Incidence/Age/Course:
Assessment:	Assessment:
UA findings:	UA findings:
Blood:	Blood:
Nursing Interventions/Medical Management:	Nursing Interventions/Medical Management:

10.1

WORKSHEET:  COMMON GENITOURINARY DISORDERS

PROBLEM	DESCRIPTION	NURSING INTERVENTIONS/MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
Hypospadius:
Cryptorchidism:
Urinary Tract Infections- Cystitis: Pyelitis: Pyelonephritis:
Vesico-Ureteral Reflux:

Answer 1

Acute gloerular nephrittis definition : acute glomerulonephritis one of a group of kidney and proliferation of the glomeruli, microscopic structure within the kidney that are responsible for flitering the blood and producing urine.
Cause : infection such as strep throat. Other illnesses, including lupus, goodpasture's syndrome, wegener's disease, and polyarteritis nodosa.
Incidence / age/ course : PSGN uasually develops 1-3 weeks after acute infection with specific nephritogenic strains of group A beta - hemolytic streptococcus . The incidence of GN is approximately 5-10% in petsons with pharyngitis and 25% in those with skin infection. AGN is markedly bu debut predominantly in the pubertal period and early adulthood, the incidence of uric syndrome is decreased with aging while that of nephritis syndrome is noted to be increased in AGN patient. The course of AGN is depends on patient age , developing the illness, the older age group belongs to be at higher risk, developed early in the course of disease in hypertonic stage and that of renal insufficient as well, with the average length of life getting shortened with onset of illness
Assessment : Assessment: glomerulonephritis often gets comes to light when routine analysis is abnormal. Test to assess kidney function and make. A diagnosis is include: Blood test , urine test , imaging test and kidney biopsy.. Pink or cola - colored urine from red blood cells in patient urine (hematuria) . Foamy urine due to excess protein ( proteinuria) High blood pressure ( hypertension). Fluid retention ( edema) with swelling evident in patient face, hands, feet and abdomen.
		UA finding.. hematuria,	Proteinuria, hypertension,. Fluid retention with swelling oh your face, hand ,feet and abdomen.
Blood : test to assess patient kidney function and marked diagnosis of glomeruĺonephritis include : urine test . A urinalysis might show red blood cells and red cell caste in urine , an indicator , such as increased blood levels of creatinine or urea , are red flags.
Nursing intervention/ medical management. Nursing care of a patient with AGN includes the following intervention . Activity : bed rest should be maintained until acute symptoms and gross hematuria disapper, prevent infection. Acute pain related to accumulation of fluid as manifested by verbalization. Risk for infection related to proteinuria as manifested by lab investigation Nursing management:- Assess weight of patient Assess vital signs Assess breath sounds Monitor input /output Maintenance of input output chart Iv infusion Bed rest provide Bp maintenance Globulonephritis :- medical management Immunosupresant:-azithroprine Cyclophosphamide Steroids:- prednisolone ACE inhibitors Analgesics Loop diuretics Calcium channel blockers

Definition of nephrosis : nephrosis s any of various forms of kindey disease (nephropathy).Kidney disorder that is oedema and loss of protein in urine due to increase glomerular parmeability

Cause : minimal change nephropathy

Membranous nephropathy

Focal glomeruloserosis

Diabetes mellitus

Lupus erthematosus

Amyloidosis

Incidence / age / course:

AGN is markedly bu debut predominantly in the pubertal period and early adulthood, the incidence of uric syndrome is decreased with aging while that of nephritis syndrome is noted to be increased in AGN patient. The course of AGN is depends on patient age , developing the illness, the older age group belongs to be at higher risk, developed early in the course of disease in hypertonic stage and that of renal insufficient as well, with the average length of life getting shortened with onset of illness.

Assessment: glomerulonephritis often gets comes to light when routine analysis is abnormal. Test to assess kidney function and make. A diagnosis is include:

Blood test , urine test , imaging test and kidney biopsy..

UA finding.. hematuria,

Proteinuria, hypertension,. Fluid retention with swelling oh your face, hand ,feet and abdomen.

Blood: blood testto asses the kidney function and marked diagnosis of problem. Urinalysis might show red blood cells and red cell casts in urine , an indicatar of possible damage to the glomeruli.

Nursing intervention :

Monitoring fluid intake and output

Improving nutritional intake

Promoring integrity

Promoting energy conservation

Prevent infection

medical management:

Immunosupresant:-azithroprine

Cyclophosphamide

Steroids:- prednisolone

ACE inhibitors

Analgesics

Loop diuretic

Calcium channel blockers

3. Hypospadais is a birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the reproductive orgam instead of at the tip.

Cause : the key steps in forming the take place between weeks 9 and 12 of pregnancy . During this time, ale hormones tell the body to form the urethra an freskin. Hypospaddias may be cause by promblem with hormones.

S/S : opening of the urethra at a location other than the tip of the male repeoductive organ.

Downward curve of the male reproductive organ.

Abnormal spraying during urinatiom