Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

List the pathway from stimulus to response for each of the following. A. Stimulus – Stubbed...

List the pathway from stimulus to response for each of the following.

A. Stimulus – Stubbed your toe

Response – Hop on one foot

B. Stimulus – Hit biceps tendon

Response – Elbow flexion

C. Stimulus – Smell fresh baked bread

Response : Increased thin watery saliva

Expert Solution

A. 1.stimulus-stubbed your toe

2.nociceptor or pain receptor activated

3.afferent pain fibre(peripheral nerve)

4.dorsal root ganglion

5.dorsal root

6.synapse

7.lateral spinothalamic tract

8.reticular formation in mid brain

9.thalamus(sensory relay center)

10.hypothalamus and limbic system(stress response)

11.efferent fibres to effector muscles

12.flexion of affected leg

13.response-hop on one foot

B. stimulus -hit biceps tendon

Afferent nerve from tendon
Dorsal root ganglion
Synapse in spinal cord
excitatory alpha motor neuron to biceps muscle
Inhibitory interneuron to antagonist muscle I.e extensors
Efferent nerve fibres
Flexion at elbow joint

Response-elbow flexion

C. stimulus-smell fresh baked bread

Olfactory receptors in olfactory epithelium
Olfactory cell
Olfactory nerve
Cribriform plate
Olfactory bulb
Mitral and tufted cells
Anterior olfactory nucleus
Primary olfactory cortex(including prepiriform cortex and olfactory tubercle)
Endopiriform nucleus
Inferior salivatory nucleus
Tympanic branch of IX cranial nerve
Tympanic plexus
Lesser petrosal nerve
Otic ganglion
Auriculotemporal nerve
Parotid gland

Response-increased thin watery saliva

Sydney Mullin answered 5 months ago

Define neutral stimulus (NS), Unconditioned Stimulus (US or UCS), Unconditioned Response (UR or UCR), Conditioned Stimulus...

Define neutral stimulus (NS), Unconditioned Stimulus (US or UCS), Unconditioned Response (UR or UCR), Conditioned Stimulus (CS), and Conditioned Response (CR). What is an organism learning when they’ve been classically conditioned? What is the evidence that that association has been learned? How do contiguity, contingency, stimulus value, novelty, and biological preparedness influence conditioning processes?

List the physical pathway from the point of absorption of the glucose molecule in the gastrointestinal...

List the physical pathway from the point of absorption of the glucose molecule in the gastrointestinal tract to getting to the right gastrocnemius muscle

In a list format, provide the pathway of a water molecule from absorption into the systemic...

In a list format, provide the pathway of a water molecule from absorption into the systemic capillaries of the small intestines to its exit out the urethra. Be detailed in your list (i.e. do not just say it passes through the nephron, but rather list the segments of the nephron).

2. In a study of reaction times to a visual stimulus and the response time to...

2. In a study of reaction times to a visual stimulus and the response time to an auditory stimulus were recorded for each of 10 subjects. Time's were measured in thousandths of a second Visual Auditory 161 159 203 206 235 241 176 163 201 197 188 193 228 209 211 189 191 169 178 201 a) Compute the least Squares regression line for predicting auditory response time from visual response time. b) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the...

What happens before conditioning? 1. Draw where the tone and visual stimulus connect in the pathway

List the pathway the electrical impulse takes from the right atrium to cause the left ventricle...

List the pathway the electrical impulse takes from the right atrium to cause the left ventricle to contract. In other words, describe the pathway of the intrinsic electrical system of the heart to the left ventricle.

A researcher hypothesizes that reaction time (RT) measured in milliseconds in response to a startling stimulus...

A researcher hypothesizes that reaction time (RT) measured in milliseconds in response to a startling stimulus will be lower (faster) before people drink 5 beers than it will be afterward. A sample of 12 patients is presented with a startling stimulus, and their mean score is 6.08 milliseconds with an SD of 1.38. They drink 5 beers, another startling stimulus is presented, and participants’ mean reaction time is 14.25 milliseconds with an SD of 3.7. The raw scores and Z-scores...

An educational psychologist is examining response times to an on-screen stimulus. The researcher believes there might...

An educational psychologist is examining response times to an on-screen stimulus. The researcher believes there might be a weak effect from age, but expects a more pronounced effect for different color contrasts. She decides to examine a black on white (B/W) combination compared to 2 alternatives: red on white (R/W) and yellow on blue (Y/B). Here is the data for response times (in milliseconds): Color Scheme B/W R/W Y/B Age 16–17 10 26 16 22 11 36 31 22 20...

Three ways in which the Coronavirus Stimulus Package differs from the 2009 Stimulus Package.

List four functions banks perform. Give a detailed response for each function