15. Some Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the genera Bacillus (e.g. B. anthracis) and Clostridium (e.g. C....

15. Some Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the genera Bacillus (e.g. B. anthracis) and Clostridium (e.g. C. difficile) are able to form endospores. What is an endospore, and what is its benefit?

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Expert Solution

Endospores are a complex, multi-layered, dormant, and non-reproductive structure produced by some bacteria in conditions of stress. The formation of endospores is usually initiated due to a lack of nutrients in the environment. It is mostly found in Gram-positive organisms. An endospore consists of DNA of a bacterium, its ribosomes, and also large amounts of a chemical compound known as dipicolinic acid. This chemical enables an endospore to maintain its dormancy. Also, an important point to note is that these endospores are resistant to all physical and chemical treatments like exposure to UV, high temperature, chemical disinfectants, etc.

Benefits

In times of extreme stress, the formation of endospores preserves the cell's genetic material.

It helps bacteria to cope up with extreme stress conditions.

Due to their tough shell made of calcium dipicolinate, they become resistant to antibiotics and other agents.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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