What feature is shared by formulas of colored compounds used as pigments?

Expert Solution

Have a look at following table of inorganic pigments.

Element	Molecular Structure	Density (p/g cm^3)	Solubility
Malachite	Cu₂(OH)₂CO₃	4.05	Very soluble in H₂O, EtOH, MeOH
Verdigris	Cu(C₂H₃O₂)₂·CuO·6H₂O	1.882	Slightly soluble in H₂O, EtOH; s dil acid, NH₄OH

The pigments Malachite and verdigris are made through synthesis. The copper based pigments are intended for the preparation of tempera paint and this source discusses the making of this paint with malachite.

The feature shared by these formulas of colored compounds by absorb light by transferring an electron from the negative ion to the positive metal ion. Pigments appear colored because they selectively reflect and absorb certain wavelengths of visible light. The appearance of pigments is intimately connected to the color of the source light. Some pigments are vermilion, verdigris, malachite, lapis lazuli, Prussian blue.

On the other hand organic dyes, pigments are colored due to their fluorescence, phosphorescence, azo dye, conjugated double bonds (carotenoids, terpenoids etc) are also colored.

Reference:

Synthesis of Copper Pigments, Malachite and Verdigris: Making Tempera Paint

Sally D. Solomon*, Susan A. Rutkowsky, Megan L. Mahon, and Erica M. Halpern

Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

J. Chem. Educ., 2011, 88 (12), pp 1694–1697

DOI: 10.1021/ed200096e

Publication Date (Web): July 12, 2011

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