Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

defines cause, treatment, functional limitation and following pathologies Swan Neck Deformity is Condition where there is...

defines cause, treatment, functional limitation and following pathologies

Swan Neck Deformity is Condition where there is an Extension in PIP, Flexion in DIP
Tenosynovitis
Mallet Finger
Boutonniere Deformity
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
De Quervain’s
Dupuytren’s Contracture
Skier’s thumb
Gamekeepers thumb
Ulnar drift secondary to rheumatoid arthritis

Expert Solution

Swan Neck deformity

Cause: Tearing of ligament on the palmar aspect of middle joint of finger.

Treatment: Physical therapy, Occupational therapy, some times surgical replacing of finger joint.

Functional limitation: extension of PIP, flexion in DIP

pathology: increased stress on volar plate ligament , which is ligament over the middle joint finger.

Tenosynovitis

Cause: Over use of joints especially for athletes., weight lifting.

Treatment: giving Pain relievers, applying ice, immobilization of joints, physiotherapy and surgery also done in some cases.

Functional limitation; lead to limitation in normal physical activity, deformity.

pathology: deposition of crystalline and purulence , which affect synovial tendon and lead to inflammation.

Mallet finger

Cause: When a forceful object hits on tip of thumb or finger leads to tearing of extensor

treatment: excercise

Functional limitation: pain .

pathology: tearing of ligament

Boutonniere Deformity

Cause: it occurs when there is a forcefull hitting on the dorsal aspect of flexed middle joint of finger.

Treatment: splinting, various types of excercises

Functional limitation: hyper extension of DIP joints and Flexion of PIP joint.

Pathology: destruction of central slip of extensor tendon.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Cause: excessive pressure on median nerve when it is passing through wrist

Treatment: corticosteroids, splinting of wrist

Functional limitation: repeated hand symptoms, inflammation

Pathology: entrapment of median nerve cause hypertrophy of flexor synovium.

De Quervain’s

Cause: prolonged overuse of wrist, such as lifiting heavy weight.

Treatment: taking NSAID non steroidal anti infalammatory drugs.

Functional limitation: wrist pain, impairment of thumb.

Pathology: at the level of radial styloid process , there cause inflammation of tendon of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis.

Dupuytren’s Contracture

Cause: cause in unknown, overuse of hand and certain biochemical factors affect.

Treatment: stretching of hand , steroidal injection

Functional limitation: fingers curling forward, some time it leads to crippling disease.

Pathology: deposition of collagen and proliferation of fibroblast leads to fascial thickening

Skier’s thumb

Cause: excessive stress on thumb and tear of ligament , when fall with out stretched hand.

Treatment: apply ice , taking acetaminophen

Functional limitation: prolonged instability of joints.

Pathology: complete or partial tearing of ulnar collateral ligament of thumb.

Gamekeepers thumb

Cause: insufficient ulnar collateral ligament.

Treatment: immobilization of thumb

Functional limitation: pain in opposing or pinching .

Pathology: valgus force on ulnar collateral ligament.

Ulnar drift secondary to rheumatoid arthritis

Cause: inflammation of MCP joint

Treatment: excercise, taking NSAID

Functional limitation: bones get eroded.

Pathology: immune syestem, gentic factor.

Sydney Mullin answered 6 months ago

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