Recall what you learned about criminological theories and behavior this week and respond to the following...

Recall what you learned about criminological theories and behavior this week and respond to the following items in your post:

Identify two criminological theories that you find most applicable for reasons why people commit crime today. Explain your reasoning.
Consider the following two questions: As a society, should we discontinue programs that promote rehabilitation for prisoners and instead use those funds for other efforts, such as “fighting crime”? Or, should we continue these programs and decrease funding for the “war on drugs”? Which sentence do you agree with? Explain your reasoning.

Expert Solution

QUESTION NO. 1 THe study of criminology tries to explain why a person commits crime and by understanding that, we can develop ways to control crime and rehabilitate the criminals. There is obviously no one single cause of crime because different crimes have different causes.

The theories of criminology can be broadly classified into two main categories: 1. Biological theories and 2. Sociological theories.

Biological theories assume that some people are born criminals who are physiologically and psychologically different from other non- criminals.

Sociological theories assume that the crime is shaped by external factors such as experience in the neighbourhood,peer group and society expectations at large.

Strain theory: Developed by Robert k. Merton in 1938, this explains that society put pressure on an individual to achieve socially accepted goals and because no one has same opportunities and abilities, individuals feel stressed and this strain lead to negative emotions which creates pressure on the individual to achieve the goals by unfair or illegal means.

Social disorganisation theory: This theory grew out of a research conducted in chicago by Shaw and McKay jn 1941.This explains that a person's social and physical environments are the culprits for the behavioural choices he/she makes. It is the location which matters the most while prediciting the criminal activity. They noticed that neighbourhood which has the highest rate of crimes had 3 things in common: Poverty, Ethnic mixing and physical dilapidation.

QUESTION NO. 2 In my opinion, we should continue the rehabilitation programs as the main objective is to provide the criminals necessary skills to increase their chances of finding work and providing them strong support mechanism that they can use once they are released. If we stop these programs, chances are that they will end up being in prisions again. The war on drugs is a long battle and reducing or increasing funding will not do much because if one way of stopping this illegal trade is closed, criminals are likely to find another way for their survival. The main objective should be to chance the psychological process by providing them rehabilitation programs and by educating them.

keosha answered 6 months ago

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