Which of the following are true statements about ketones? Select all that apply: Acetone can be...

Which of the following are true statements about ketones?

Select all that apply:

Acetone can be used as a solvent for lacquer (including fingernail polish).
They each contain a functional group in the middle of a carbon chain with the structure −CO.
They are named using the suffix -al.
They are named using the suffix -one.

Expert Solution

Statements 1, 2, 4 are true.

EXPLANATION -

1) Lacquers are used in the protective coating of metals and woods. They need to be insoluble in water, otherwise water can damage these things. The same applies to nail polish. Acetone is an organic solvent, and it dissolves lacquer. So it is used as a solvent for lacquer, including fingernail polish. So statement 1 is true.

2) Ketones are a class of organic compounds. They consists of two alkyl groups which are joined by a carbonyl (CO) functional group. The general formula is given by R1C(=O)R2, where R1 and R2 are alkyl groups.CO is present in the middle of the carbon chain.In the carbonyl group, C is double bonded with O. So statement 2 is true.

3) Ketones are named with the suffix -one (comes from ketone), for example, CH3-CO-CH3 is known as 2-propanone or propan-2-one.

On the other hand, aldehydes (functional group -CHO) are named using the suffix -al (comes from aldehyde). For example, CH3CHO is known as ethanal.

Hence statement 3 is false and statement 4 is true.

queen_honey_blossom answered 9 months ago

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