Question

-Which is not the factor that can affect I/R process?

a. duration of ischemia

b. collateral circulation

c. dependency upon oxygen supply

d.conditions during reperfusion

e. Ca2+ overload

-Which of the following is not the cause of ischemia-reperfusion injury

a. Organ transplantation

b. Cardio cerebral resuscitation

c. PTCA

d. blood transfusion and infusion

e. cardiac bypass surgery

-The advanced center of the thermoregulation is located in ?

a.POAH

b. Pons

c. Midbrain

d. Spinal cord

e. Cerebral cortex

Answer 1

1. answer is The factor that will not affect in ischemic and reperfusion is calcium 2+over load. Because the calcium 2+overload is depending upon the other factor which are involved in ischemic and reperfusion process. Calcium 2+over load is not involved alone that is mainly caused by the sodium influx and other ions The ischemic and reperfusion process involves duration of ischemia and formation of collateral circulation and depending upon oxygen supply and conditions during reperfusion

2. answer is Blood transfusion is not involved in ischemic and reperfusion injury. Blood transfusions and infusion are administering blood transfusion does not involve in metabolic activity of the tissue that is, not involved in ischemic, and collateral circulation formation. Other procedures like percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and organ transplantation, cardiac bypass surgery, cardiac pulmonary resuscitation involves the metabolic and perfusion of oxygen supply and blood to tissues undergoes metabolic activity by depending upon forming collateral circulation, ischemia, oxygen supply, reperfusion

3. Answer is POAH (PREOPTIC ANTERIOR HYPOTHALMUS) is the advance center thermoregulation is located. It has receptors heat and cold. According to cold and warm conditions and environement, the heat and cold receptors in the preoptic anterior hypothalamus are activated. for example,When there is a change in the temperature in the environment, it activates the peripheral receptor of the warmth which increase in blood temperature and that activates hypothalamic adrenergic warm receptor. other options are incorrect,Mid brain is the responsible for sleep, wakefulness, alert and thermoregulation and is a part of brain stem. Pons is also part of brain stem, has function of eye movement, facial expressions, facial sensations, posture, and regulates bladder function, swallowing, production of saliva and tears along with function of sleep, regulation of respiratory functions. Function of cerebral cortex involves the thinking, memory, language e, speech, and certain functions. The function of spinal cord is communication between the brain and body that is impulses transmitted from body to brain and return communication from brain to the body.