Question

Using the IV solution sodium chloride describe its uses as well as its chemical composition. Assuming you have the necessary chemicals, explain using words and mathematically how you would make the solution in the laboratory.

Answer 1

Human body weight is about 60% water, which contains various mineral salts and other elements. Sodium chloride is one of the main mineral salts in the body fluid. An optimum level of salts in circulation is essential for good health.

Sodium Chloride IV Infusion is used for treatment of fluid loss and to restore sodium chloride balance. It is used in the treatment of patients who are unable to take fluids and nutrients by mouth. It is also used for dilution of other medicines before injection into the body. It is also used for dilution of other medicines before injection into the body.

It is available in several concentrations; 0.45%, 0.9% and 3%, and in volumes ranging from 50 - 1,000 millilitres.

The active component of Sodium Chloride IV Infusion is sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is highly purified common salt. It is dissolved in Water for Injections. The chemical formula of sodium chloride is NaCl and its molar mass is 58.44 g/mol. It is an ionic compound consisting of a sodium cation (Na+) and a chloride anion (Cl-). Solid NaCl has a crystalline structure, in which each Na+ ion is surrounded by six chloride ions in an octahedral geometry.

Sodium chloride will be synthesized by reacting sodium bicarbonate with hydrochloric acid. The
reaction equation is shown below:
NaHCO3
(sol)
+ HCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H2O (aq) + CO2
(gas)
84.01 g 36.46 g 58.44 g 18.02 g 44.01 g
The quantitative interpretation of the reaction is as follows: 84.01 g (1 mol) of sodium
bicarbonate reacts with 36.46 g (1 mol) of hydrochloric acid to generate 58.44 g (1 mol) of salt,
18.02 g (1 mol) of water, and 44.01 g (or 1 mol) of carbon dioxide. Of course the starting
quantity of NaHCO3 may be more or less than 84.01 g, but a proportionate quantity of the
hydrochloric acid will be consumed, and proportionate quantities of the products will be formed.
For example, should 100.00 g of NaHCO3 react with excess acid, the theoretical mass of salt
produced would be calculated as follows:
58.44 g sodium chloride 100.00 g sodium bicarbonate
84.01 g sodium bicarbonate = 69.55 g sodium
chloride
Note that when a bicarbonate is reacted with excess acid, the salt produced is the only substance
not readily volatile. That is, the unreacted acid, the water, and the carbon dioxide are easily