Question

Respiratory System Drugs:

Bronchodilators are used to prevent or treat bronchospasms caused by pulmonary disease, allergy exercise, or emotional factors. Other classifications includes anti-inlfammatory agents, leukotriene receptor modifier, anti-tussives, expectorants, mucolytics and nasal decongestants.

1. Give an example of each classification of respiratory system drugs and list 1-2 important key nursing actions/teaching/monitoring/assessment while the patients are on the drug.

Cardiovascular System Drugs:

One of the main one are inotropic drug because it increases the force of myocardial contraction. Therefore, they are ordered to treat heart failure and manage atrial arrhythmias. Other classifications includes anti-arrhythmics, anti-hypertensives, anti-anginals, diuretics and anti-lipemic drugs.

2. Define the following terms (no more than 2 sentence, in your own words): adrenergic, adrenergic inhibitors/blockers, beta-adrenergic blockers, vasodilators, cholinergics, and anti-cholinergic drugs. It is vital that you understand the concept of the action of these terms and how administering them will affect your patient.

3. Give an example of each classification of cardiovascular system drugs and list 1-2 important key nursing actions/teaching/monitoring/assessment while the patient is on the drug.

Anticoagulants and thrombolytics are used in the prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic disorders, such as myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, stroke, and deep vein thrombosis. Hematopoietics (iron products) supplements and replace depleted iron stores in bone marrow to assist in RBC production.

4. Give an example of Hematopoietics: Iron products and biologic response modifiers: Nursing responsibilities when administering these drugs. List one of each.

5. Give an example of each classification of anticoagulant drugs: heparin derivatives, antiplatelet, thrombolytic and list 1-2 important key nursing actions/teaching/monitoring/assessment while the patient is on the drug.

Answer 1

Respiratory system drugs classification

1. Leukotrine receptors antagonist - Eg. Cromolyn sodium, omalizumab.

2. Antitussive. - codeine, pholcodine, dextromethorphan, noscapine, and butamirate.

3. Mucolytic. Eg. Ambroxol is a mucolytic agent, prescribed for various respiratory diseases such as emphysema with bronchitis pneumoconiosis, chronic inflammatory pulmonary conditions, tracheobronchitis .

4. Bronchodialators. Eg. Albutarol, levalbuterol

6. Antihistamine. - Eg. Montelucast

While giving respiratory system affecting drugs. Nurse should monitor the patient for any adverse reaction such as changes in heart beat and dizziness.

2. Adrenergic drugs. - Adrenergic amines are drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system (also called the adrenergic nervous system). These compounds are also called sympathomimetic drugs.

Adrenergic inhibitors / blockers. - An adrenergic antagonist is a drug that inhibits the function of adrenergic receptors. There are five adrenergic receptors, which are divided into two groups. The first group of receptors are the beta (β) adrenergic receptors. There are β1, β2, and β3 receptors. The second group contains the alpha (α) adrenoreceptors.

Beta Adrenergic blockers. -   Beta-adrenergic blockers (β-blockers) are an important class of drugs for the treatment of various heart diseases, including high blood pressure, insufficiency of blood flow to the heart muscle (angina pectoris), irregular heart beat (arrhythmias), thickened heart muscle (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Vasodialators. - Vasodilation refers to the widening of blood vessels. It results from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls, in particular in the large veins (called venodilators), large arteries, and smaller arterioles. The process is the opposite of vasoconstriction, which is the narrowing of blood vessels.

Cholinergic drugs. - this inhibit, enhance, or mimic the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, the primary transmitter of nerve impulses within the parasympathetic nervous system—i.e., that part of the autonomic nervous system that contracts smooth muscles, dilates blood vessels,

Anti cholinergic drugs. -   substance that blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and the peripheral nervous system. These agents inhibit parasympathetic nerve impulses by selectively blocking the binding of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to its receptor in nerve cells.

Bronchodilators

Albuterol Levalbuterol Salmeterol Formoterol