Question

eCampusOntario.ca is the primary face of the Ontario Online Learning Consortium (OOLC), a not-for-profit corporation whose membership is composed of all publicly-funded colleges and universities in Ontario. Funding for OOLC and the eCampusOntario initiative comes from the Government of Ontario. eCampusOntario.ca was created in 2015 primarily as a portal for learners to find online courses – through browsing, searching by keyword, or filtering by institution and delivery format. Course details include links to information about scheduling, tuition and fees, instructors, and information about how to get registered and to seek credit transfer. Previously identified course equivalencies are also listed where available. In addition, students can search based on a specific course they need credit for to find available online options at other institutions. Aiming to improve its services, eCampusOntario has selected a sample of 33 nursing, 33 business and 33 education students who intend to use eCampusOntario website to search and register for e-courses. The sampled students were asked to indicate their overall satisfaction of eCampusOntario portal prior to registration for any courses (stage 1) and after registration (stage 2). The following information is available for each respondent: - Age of the respondents - Gender (1=male and 2=female) - Student satisfaction of stage 1 (a continuous number that ranges from 0 (extremely dissatisfied) to 5 (extremely satisfied)) - Student satisfaction of stage 2 (a continuous number that ranges from 0 (extremely dissatisfied) to 5 (extremely satisfied)) * Assume the collected data is normally-distributed.

Assignment Questions: 1. Conduct a descriptive analysis of the sample of business stream students by choosing two variables and focusing on measures of central location and variance. Represent these variables using two appropriate graphs for each. In addition, represent the relationship between age and student satisfaction for each stage using an appropriate graph. (15%)

2. Some eCampusOntario employees believe more information is provided to business students during stage 1 (pre registration) as opposed to stage 2 (post registration). Is there evidence to suggest there are significant differences between the business student’s satisfactions of the two stages. (30%)

3. Estimate the difference between business student satisfaction during stage 1 and 2 with 95% confidence. Interpret the results. (20%)

4. eCampusOntario would also like to know if differences exist between the satisfaction level of nursing students, business students and education students during stage 2. Assume the variables have equal variance. (30%) Assume alpha = 0.05 wherever necessary. Hint: Pay attention to the experimental design; are the samples independent or paired?

Answer each question using Excel. Do each question on a separate Excel Sheet.

Answer each question using Excel. Do each question on a separate Excel Sheet. - For #2 – 4 do the following: • State your chosen method of analysis and justify its use. Were the required conditions met? If the question involves testing a hypothesis, state the hypotheses. Include the Excel results in readable format. • Discuss the findings of the study by answering the following questions: ➢ What are they? ➢ What do they mean? ➢ How can they help in decision making?

Answer 1

Answer:

Given,

eCampus Ontario has selected a sample of 33 nursing, 33 business and 33 education students who intend to use eCampusOntario website to search and register for e-courses.

The following information is available for each respondent:

• Age of the respondents
• Gender (1=male and 2=female)
• Student satisfaction of stage 1 (a continuous number that ranges from 0 (extremely dissatisfied) to 5 (extremely satisfied))
• Student satisfaction of stage 2 (a continuous number that ranges from 0 (extremely dissatisfied) to 5 (extremely satisfied))

Assume a significance level of .05 when needed.

1. Conduct a descriptive analysis of the sample focusing on the business stream, by focusing on measures of central location and variance for two different variables, also use two different types of graphs to describe the data (e.g., age, or, age and student satisfaction of stage 1)

Method: Open EXCEL, go to DATA > DATA Analysis > Descriptive Statistics

Input Range: Select all four columns

Check summary statistics

OUTPUT of EXCEL:

Age		Gender		Business-Student Satisfaction of Stage 1		Business- Studenr Satisfaction of Stage 2
Mean	27.15151515	Mean	1.545454545	Mean	3.32303	Mean	2.36303
Standard Error	1.50763286	Standard Error	0.088022349	Standard Error	0.149988	Standard Error	0.135318
Median	24	Median	2	Median	3.5	Median	2.5
Mode	22	Mode	2	Mode	#N/A	Mode	1
Standard Deviation	8.660691413	Standard Deviation	0.505649897	Standard Deviation	0.861617	Standard Deviation	0.777341
Sample Variance	75.00757576	Sample Variance	0.255681818	Sample Variance	0.742384	Sample Variance	0.604259
Kurtosis	2.249950151	Kurtosis	-2.094336918	Kurtosis	1.481372	Kurtosis	1.520293
Skewness	1.580808699	Skewness	-0.191385767	Skewness	-1.046115	Skewness	-0.81119
Range	34	Range	1	Range	3.5	Range	3.5
Minimum	18	Minimum	1	Minimum	1	Minimum	0
Maximum	52	Maximum	2	Maximum	4.5	Maximum	3.5
Sum	896	Sum	51	Sum	109.66	Sum	77.98
Count	33	Count	33	Count	33	Count	33

The histogram plot of age shows the skewness, kurtosis and spread of the age

I have age into bin size of 6

Lower Limit	Upper limit	f
18	24	17
24	30	8
30	36	3
36	42	2
42	48	1
48	54	2

The age distribution of business students is skewed towards left.

Lower Limit	Upper limit	Stage 1 frequency	stage 2 frequency
0	0.5	0	1
0.5	1	1	2
1	1.5	2	0
1.5	2	0	7
2	2.5	0	7
2.5	3	7	10
3	3.5	7	6
3.5	4	10	0
4	4.5	6	0
4.5	5	0	0

We can see that that stage 1 is skewed towards higher rating and stage 1 towards the lower rating. The mean on stage 1 is 3.23 and that of stage 2 is 2.36. The data look roughly normal. The formula used for calculating frequencyuency is as follows:

Lower Limit	Upper limit	Age f
18	=H3+6	=FREQUENCYUENCY(B3:B35,I3:I8)
=I3	=H4+6	=FREQUENCYUENCY(B3:B35,I3:I8)
=I4	=H5+6	=FREQUENCYUENCY(B3:B35,I3:I8)
=I5	=H6+6	=FREQUENCYUENCY(B3:B35,I3:I8)
=I6	=H7+6	=FREQUENCYUENCY(B3:B35,I3:I8)
=I7	=H8+6	=FREQUENCYUENCY(B3:B35,I3:I8)
Lower Limit	Upper limit	Stage 1 frequency	stage 2 frequency
0	=H11+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)
=I11	=H12+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)
=I12	=H13+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)
=I13	=H14+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)
=I14	=H15+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)
=I15	=H16+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)
=I16	=H17+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)
=I17	=H18+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)
=I18	=H19+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)
=I19	=H20+0.5	=FREQUENCYUENCY(D3:D35,I11:I20)	=FREQUENCYUENCY(E3:E35,I11:I20)

The above image gives us box plot of stage 1 and stage 2 of business student satisfaction. The box plot also gives us some idea that means of stage 1 and stage 2 are different.

2. Some eCampus Ontario employees believe more information is provided to business students during stage 1 (pre-registration) as opposed to stage 2 (post registration). Are there evidence to suggest there are significant differences between the business student’s satisfaction of the two stages. (30%) Estimate the difference between business student satisfaction during stage 1 and 2 with 95% confidence. Interpret the results. (20%)