Question

In: Biology

13. Which of the following are not features commonly observed in α-helices and β-sheets? A. amino...

13.

Which of the following are not features commonly observed in α-helices and β-sheets?

	A.	amino acid side R groups that point outward, parallel regions
	B.	left-handedness, coiled-coil patterns
	C.	cylindrical shape, extended polypeptide backbone
	D.	one helical turn every 3.6 amino acids, antiparallel regions

14.

Fill in the blanks: The α-helices and β-sheets are examples of protein ____________ structure. A protein such as hemoglobin, which is composed of more than one protein ____________, has ____________ structure. A molecule such an enzymatic substrate, a hormone, or a growth factor, is called a ____________.

A.
secondary, subunit, quaternary, ligand

B.
tertiary, domain, secondary, substrate

C.
primary, subunit, secondary, transmitter

D.
quaternary, active site, secondary, ligand

17.

Find the mismatched pair:

	A.	ΔG < 0 – Energetically favorable (spontaneous) reaction
	B.	First Law of Thermodynamics — Energy in a system is not created nor destroyed, only transformed
	C.	Second Law of Thermodynamics —The entropy of a perfect crystal at 0 K is exactly equal to zero.
	D.	Entropy (TΔS) – Measurement of disorder in a thermodynamic system

18.

A cell exchanges matter and energy with the environment. From a thermodynamic perspective, a cell is

	A.	capable of absorbing electromagnetic (e.g. light) or chemical energy from the environment and release heat and waste products to its surroundings.
	B.	an open system.
	C.	subject to the laws of thermodynamics: First, energy is neither created nor destroyed; and second, every energy transfer increases the entropy (disorder) of the universe.
	D.	All of the above

20.

Which one is not an example of a protein with quaternary structure?

	A.	The plant enzyme Rubisco is composed of 8 L subunits and 8 S subunits.
	B.	South American rattlesnake toxin (crotoxin) is actually a phospholipase A enzyme with two different subunits.
	C.	Hemoglobin in adult humans has the composition α2β2.
	D.	Myoglobin, an oxygen-binding protein in muscle, consists of a single subunit.

21

Chemical reactions carried out by living systems depend upon the ability of some organisms to capture and use matter (atoms, ions, molecules) from non-living sources in the environment. The specific subset of these reactions that break down nutrients in food is called _________, whereas biosynthetic pathways form the subset called _______ and some biochemical pathways that include both types are called _______.

A.
catabolism, anabolism, amphibolic

B.
catabolism, anabolism, oxidation reactions

C.
hydrolysis, reducing reactions, biosynthesis

D.
anabolic, amphibolic, anaplerotic

22.

Find the mismatched pair function–protein:

	A.	Insulin – Primary messenger in hormonal signaling
	B.	Ferritin – Prokaryotic transcription factor
	C.	Cloned green fluorescent protein – Artificial intracellular marker
	D.	Rhodopsin – Light receptor

24.

Find the incorrect statement:

	A.	Enzymes may be active inside and outside the cell.
	B.	Substrate binding and catalysis depend on specific amino acids present in the active site.
	C.	Enzymes possess certain specific domains called active sites, where catalysis take place.
	D.	All enzymes are proteins.

Expert Solution

13.

The features not commonly observed in α-helices and β-sheets are:l

Left-handedness, coiled-coil patterns.

Mostly alpha helix are right handed helical and no coiled- coil pattern. Coiled - coil pattern of packing occurs in DNA.

14

The α-helices and β-sheets are examples of protein Secondary structure. A protein such as hemoglobin, which is composed of more than one protein Subunit, has Quaternary structure. A molecule such an enzymatic substrate, a hormone, or a growth factor, is called a Ligand.

17.

Find the mismatched pair is:

C. Second Law of Thermodynamics —The entropy of a perfect crystal at 0 K is exactly equal to zero.

This is Third Law of Thermodynamics.

18.

The correct option is:

E. All of the above.

20.

The correct option is:

D.Myoglobin, an oxygen-binding protein in muscle, consists of a single subunit.

To have quaternary structure the protein must have more than one subunit.

21,

1.

Chemical reactions carried out by living systems depend upon the ability of some organisms to capture and use matter (atoms, ions, molecules) from non-living sources in the environment. The specific subset of these reactions that break down nutrients in food is called Catabolism, whereas biosynthetic pathways form the subset called Anabolism and some biochemical pathways that include both types are called Amphibolic.

22.

The mismatched pair function-protein is:

Ferritin : Prokaryotic transcription factor.

Ferritin is the iron storing protein in the cells.

24.

The incorrect statement is:

D. All enzymes are proteins.

some RNA molecules act as enzymes called Ribozymes.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

α-helices and β-sheets are two types of secondary structure found in polypeptides. a. What phi and...

α-helices and β-sheets are two types of secondary structure found in polypeptides. a. What phi and psi angles describe the amino acids in a helix and sheet respectively? b. Draw a representative diagrams, with appropriate labeling, to illustrate a helix and a sheet. On your diagram label the hydrogen bonds that are responsible for providing stability to these structures. You must illustrate your bonds using the appropriate H-bond donor and H-bond acceptor.

If sec(α) = − 13 5 where π 2 < α < π and tan(β) =...

If sec(α) = − 13 5 where π 2 < α < π and tan(β) = 24 7 where π < β < 3π 2 , find the exact values of the following. (a) csc(α − β) (b) sec(α + β) (c) cot(α + β)

Let α, β be cuts as defined by the following: 1) α ≠ ∅ and α...

Let α, β be cuts as defined by the following: 1) α ≠ ∅ and α ≠ Q 2) if r ∈ α and s ∈ Q satisfies s < r, then s ∈ α. 3) if r ∈ α, then there exists s ∈ Q with s > r and s ∈ α. Let α + β = {r + s | r ∈ α and s ∈ β}. Show that the set of all cuts R with the...

For the following exercises, assume α is opposite side a,β is opposite side b, and γ ...

For the following exercises, assume α is opposite side a,β is opposite side b, and γ is opposite side c. Determine whether there is no triangle, one triangle, or two triangles. Then solve each triangle, if possible. Round each answer to the nearest tenth. 1) α=119°,a=14,b=26 2) a=7, c=9, α= 43°

Please answer the following question Discuss natural radioactivity in terms of α, β, and γ radiation....

Please answer the following question Discuss natural radioactivity in terms of α, β, and γ radiation. Give equations for each illustrating what happens if the original atom is given by AZM. b) State the law of radioactive decay. c) Define exactly what is meant by the half-life of a radioactive substance? d) Define carefully binding energy, fission and fusion. Where does the energy released come from?

13-22 (OBJECTIVES 13-3, 13-4, 13-5) The following are commonly performed tests of controls and substantive tests...

13-22 (OBJECTIVES 13-3, 13-4, 13-5) The following are commonly performed tests of controls and substantive tests of transactions audit procedures in the sales and collection cycle: 1. Compare the dates of recording sales in the sales journal with the invoices and shipping documents to see if there is any discrepancy. 2. Examine the evidence, such as the accountant’s initials, to ensure that the accounts receivable master file is reconciled to the general ledger. 3. Compute prices and extensions on sales...

Suppose X follows a Gamma distribution with parameters α, β, and the following density function f(x)=...

Suppose X follows a Gamma distribution with parameters α, β, and the following density function f(x)= [x^(α−1)e^(−x/ β)]/ Γ(α)β^α . Find α and β so that E(X)= Var(X)=1. Also find the median for the random variable, X.

Describe and explain observed conductivity changes during the titration of your amino acid. Which parameter is...

Describe and explain observed conductivity changes during the titration of your amino acid. Which parameter is more helpful in locating the first and the second equivalence points, the pH or the electrical conductivity? The amino acid is glutamic acid (HGlu) Thank you.

1. Which of the following would not be observed if you observed the sky without a...

1. Which of the following would not be observed if you observed the sky without a telescope? (More than one answer can be correct). Venus moves relative to the Sun. Mars moves relative to the stars. The starts rotate about a single point in the sky. The stars move relative to each other. The Moon moves relative to the stars. 2.Comparing theories by Ptolemy and by Copernicus. (More than one answer may be correct) Both could explain retrograde motion Copernicus'...

Which of the following amino acids exists predominantly as a zwitterion? The terminal amino group, terminal...

Which of the following amino acids exists predominantly as a zwitterion? The terminal amino group, terminal carboxyl group, and side chain pKa values can be found in Table 3.1 (Any pKa table). A. leucine at pH = 10 B. histidine at pH = 5 C. glutamic acid at pH = 3.5 D. tyrosine at pH = 11.5 E. lysine at pH = 7