Question

The outbreak of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in the 1990s has influenced many aspects of people’s life in the region. How do you think the HIV/AIDS epidemic will affect the process of demographic transition for SSA countries that are severely infected? Explain. (Note: It is more important for you to provide economic reasoning for any possible effects rather than giving a conclusive answer)

Answer 1

The effect of the HIV/AIDS have a great influence on the demograpic transition for SSA countries. some of the important changes are change in the age structure, large number of the older persons are affected. the main reson for the change in the age structure is driven by the changes in both the fertility and mortality and also the dependency rate ratio has fallen and there is a further large change in the male age structure. death rates of the women in youner age is higher than the men. and the overall growth rate is decreased. the most important impact of prevention program have to do with its effect on fertility which shown the immeditie response. the proportions of orphans and windows have increased in the most affected countries. in long run population has reduced but not realy the middle age people. the major economic impacts of the HIV epidemic is that reduced GDP income which is because when the large amount of people are affected by HIV they cant able to produce but their want for money increases due to the treatment. as the expenditure increases but the production and income deacreased. since due which the per capita income is decreased d and the population is also been decreased.