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In: Computer Science

Considering the following sequence of MIPS code, your task is to use pipelining building blocks to...

Considering the following sequence of MIPS code, your task is to use pipelining building blocks to execute this set of instructions.

add $R2, $R0, $R0

lw $R1, 0($R2)

addi $R3, $R1, 20

add $R1, $R2, $R0

or $R1, $R2, $R0

A)

How many stall cycles would occur in a MIPS pipelining without Pipeline Forwarding? Using the pipelining building blocks to explain your result.

B)

How many stall cycles would occur in a MIPS pipelining with Pipeline Forwarding? We assume that Pipeline Forwarding exists between DM-to-ALU, ALU-to-ALU, and DM-to- DM. Using the pipelining building blocks to explain your result.

Solutions

Expert Solution

Answer A

Without DATA forwarding, if there is any dependency on previous instruction, stall will be taken.

Instruction CC1 CC2 CC3 CC4 CC5 CC6 CC7 CC8 CC9 CC10 CC11 CC12 CC13
add $R2, $R0, $R0 IF ID ALU MEM WB
lw $R1, 0($R2) IF ID STALL STALL ALU MEM WB
addi $R3, $R1, 20 IF STALL STALL ID STALL STALL ALU MEM WB
add $R1, $R2, $R0 STALL STALL IF STALL STALL ID ALU MEM WB
or $R1, $R2, $R0 STALL STALL IF ID ALU MEM WB

Total 4 stalls

Answer B

With DATA forwarding, DM-to-ALU, ALU-to-ALU, and DM-to- DM. DM means MEM stage

Instruction CC1 CC2 CC3 CC4 CC5 CC6 CC7 CC8 CC9
add $R2, $R0, $R0 IF ID ALU MEM WB
lw $R1, 0($R2) IF ID ALU MEM WB
addi $R3, $R1, 20 IF ID ALU MEM WB
add $R1, $R2, $R0 IF ID ALU MEM WB
or $R1, $R2, $R0 IF ID ALU MEM WB

with data forwarding there is 0 stalls. ALL the dependencies will be handled using ALU-to-ALU transfer.

venereology answered 2 weeks ago
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