Question

Use Tornadoes data and your statistical expertise to answer the questions: Is it reasonable to claim that on average October has less than four tornado-related deaths (per year)?

9. What test/procedure did you perform?

a. One-sided t-test

b. Two-sided t-test

c. Regression

d. Confidence interval

10. What is the P-value/margin of error?

a. 0.723595771

b. 1.8

c. 3.684118249

d. 1.10683165

e. None of these

11. Statistical Interpretation

a. Since the confidence interval of 3.68411 is below 4, we are confident that the number of tornado-related deaths is below 4.

b. Since the P-value is not small, we cannot claim that the number of tornado-related deaths is below 4.

c. Since confidence interval is above 4, we cannot claim that the number of tornado-related deaths is below 4.

d. None of these

12. Conclusion

a. Yes, I am confident that the above assertion is reasonable.

b. No, we cannot claim that the above assertion is reasonable.

Tornadoes and Deaths by Year and Month (1950-1994)
Year	Total Tornadoes	Tornadoes by Month												Total Deaths	Deaths by Month
		Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	June	July	Aug	Sept	Oct	Nov	Dec		Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	June	July	Aug	Sept	Oct	Nov	Dec
1950	201	7	20	21	15	61	28	23	13	3	2	4	4	70	1	45	1	12	2	6	0	0	0	0	0	3
1951	260	2	10	6	26	57	76	23	27	9	2	12	10	34	0	1	0	2	7	9	5	0	8	0	1	1
1952	240	12	27	43	37	34	34	27	16	1	0	6	3	230	0	10	209	4	2	2	2	1	0	0	0	0
1953	422	14	16	40	47	94	111	32	24	5	6	12	21	519	0	3	24	36	163	244	0	0	0	0	0	49
1954	550	2	17	62	113	101	107	45	49	21	14	2	17	36	0	2	10	2	9	5	0	1	3	2	0	2
1955	593	3	4	43	99	148	153	49	33	15	23	20	3	129	0	0	5	7	106	2	5	0	2	1	1	0
1956	504	2	47	31	85	79	65	92	42	16	29	7	9	83	0	8	1	67	4	0	1	2	0	0	0	0
1957	858	17	5	38	216	228	147	55	20	17	18	59	38	193	13	0	1	30	87	14	0	0	2	2	25	19
1958	564	11	20	15	76	68	128	121	46	24	9	45	1	67	0	13	0	4	0	43	1	1	1	4	0	0
1959	604	16	20	43	30	226	73	63	38	58	24	11	2	58	3	21	9	1	8	2	0	0	14	0	0	0
1960	616	9	28	28	70	201	125	42	48	21	18	25	1	46	0	0	0	7	34	3	0	1	0	1	0	0
1961	697	1	31	124	74	137	107	77	27	53	14	36	16	52	0	0	7	4	23	2	0	0	15	0	1	0
1962	657	12	25	37	41	200	171	78	51	24	11	5	2	30	1	0	17	2	4	0	0	6	0	0	0	0
1963	463	15	6	48	84	71	90	62	26	33	13	15	0	31	1	0	8	16	1	0	0	2	3	0	0	0
1964	704	14	2	36	157	134	137	63	79	25	22	17	18	73	10	0	6	15	16	0	0	2	0	22	0	2
1965	897	21	32	34	123	273	147	85	61	64	16	34	7	301	0	0	2	268	17	7	0	1	0	1	5	0
1966	585	1	28	12	80	98	126	100	58	22	29	20	11	98	0	0	58	12	0	19	3	0	0	6	0	0
1967	926	39	8	42	149	116	210	90	28	139	36	8	61	114	7	0	3	73	3	6	1	2	5	4	0	10
1968	660	5	7	28	102	145	136	56	66	25	14	44	32	131	0	0	0	40	72	11	2	2	0	0	3	1
1969	608	3	5	8	68	145	137	98	70	20	26	5	23	66	32	0	1	2	4	7	0	19	0	0	0	1
1970	654	9	16	25	117	88	134	82	55	54	50	10	14	73	0	0	2	30	26	6	3	0	0	6	0	0
1971	889	19	83	40	75	166	199	100	50	47	38	16	56	159	1	134	2	11	7	1	1	0	0	0	0	2
1972	741	33	7	69	96	140	114	115	59	49	34	17	8	27	5	0	0	16	0	2	0	2	0	0	2	0
1973	1102	33	10	80	150	250	224	80	51	69	25	81	49	89	1	0	17	10	35	3	1	4	3	0	12	3
1974	945	24	23	36	267	144	194	59	107	25	45	13	8	366	2	0	1	317	10	31	0	0	0	5	0	0
1975	919	52	45	84	108	188	196	79	60	34	12	39	22	60	12	7	12	13	5	6	2	2	0	0	0	1
1976	834	12	36	180	113	155	169	84	38	35	11	0	1	44	0	5	21	1	8	3	2	1	3	0	0	0
1977	852	5	17	64	88	228	132	99	82	65	25	24	23	43	0	2	0	26	4	0	1	6	1	1	0	2
1978	789	23	7	17	107	213	148	143	65	20	7	9	30	53	2	0	0	4	7	17	11	1	6	0	0	5
1979	855	16	4	53	123	112	150	132	126	69	47	21	2	84	0	0	1	58	2	8	1	5	2	7	0	0
1980	866	5	11	41	137	203	217	95	73	37	43	3	1	28	0	0	2	4	8	7	5	0	1	1	0	0
1981	782	2	25	33	84	187	223	98	64	26	32	7	1	24	0	2	1	13	0	8	0	0	0	0	0	0
1982	1047	18	3	60	150	329	196	95	34	38	9	19	96	64	1	0	6	30	14	4	0	0	2	0	0	7
1983	931	13	41	71	65	249	178	99	76	19	13	49	58	34	2	1	0	6	14	2	4	0	0	0	0	5
1984	907	1	27	73	176	169	242	72	47	17	49	30	4	122	0	0	64	33	6	14	0	0	0	4	1	0
1985	684	2	7	38	134	182	82	51	108	40	18	19	3	94	0	0	2	5	78	3	0	3	0	0	3	0
1986	765	0	30	76	84	173	134	88	67	65	26	17	5	15	0	2	6	2	1	0	3	1	0	0	0	0
1987	656	6	19	38	20	126	132	163	63	19	1	55	14	59	0	6	1	1	31	2	0	1	0	0	11	6
1988	702	17	4	28	58	132	63	103	61	76	19	121	20	32	5	0	1	4	3	0	0	3	1	0	14	1
1989	856	14	18	43	82	231	252	59	36	31	30	57	3	50	0	0	1	0	9	5	0	0	0	4	31	0
1990	1133	11	57	86	108	243	329	106	60	45	35	18	35	53	0	1	3	0	5	11	0	29	0	2	0	2
1991	1132	29	11	157	204	335	216	64	46	26	21	20	3	39	1	0	13	21	0	1	1	0	0	0	2	0
1992	1297	15	29	55	53	137	399	213	115	81	34	146	20	39	0	0	5	0	0	1	0	3	0	4	26	0
1993	1173	17	34	48	85	177	313	242	112	65	55	19	6	33	0	3	5	10	2	1	0	6	2	4	0	0
1994	1082	13	9	58	205	161	234	155	120	30	51	42	4	69	0	0	40	12	0	3	3	4	0	0	7	0

Answer 1