(a) Briefly explain what is dry friction with the aid of diagrams  

We know that layout planning is deciding the best physical arrangement of all resources within a facility and facility resource arrangement can significantly affect productivity.

1. What are the different types of layout? Explain each type with some examples with pictures (downloaded from the internet).
2. Based on your understanding and knowledge about facility layouts, explain the existing layout of your kitchen at home. (You can draw a rough sketch of the existing kitchen layout)
3. What are the pros and cons of the current kitchen layout?

Now we also know that there is always room for improvement (Kaizen). If you are given a chance to redesign your kitchen,

4. What changes will you make and please also sketch the proposed layout?
5. Give reasons for the changes you have made.

Two piezometers are installed 2430 m apart in a confined aquifer. The head at the first piezometer is measured as 29.1 m and the head at the second piezometer as 26.7 m. The aquifer has a saturated thickness of 17.3 m, and hydraulic conductivity of 8x10^-4 m/s, and effective porosity of 0.16.

Determine:

1.1. without any calculation, predict the direction of groundwater flow

1.2. the discharge rate through the aquifer in m³/d/m of aquifer width

1.3. the specific discharges (Darcy velocity)

1.4. the pore velocity (seepage velocity)

1.5. the time for water to travel between two piezometers in years

5. How can you reduce the quantity of granular materials for construction of pavements to be constructed on marine clay deposits in coastal areas of Australia?

6. You may notice some distresses in bituminous pavements in your local suburb. Include the site photographs of at least 2 types of distress, and explain their possible causes.

3. Select a highway horizontal curve in your local suburb by including one site photograph. Assume a suitable radius of the curve, and design the superelevation, which might have been provided.

4. Along the highway alignment, the soaked CBR values of the soil subgrades at two different locations are 1% and 5%. Draw typical cross-sections of flexible pavement at these two locations.

12.4 What is the most important reason that a unit mass of a smaller log burns more rapidly than a unit mass of a larger log?

1.    What is a masonry solid unit? And a hollow unit?

2.    Facing bricks may be classified as FBS (standard), FBX (extra special), and FBA (architectural). What is the basis for this classification?

3.    A CMU scored unite may be used to simulate a stack-bond wall, when the wall is in fact, made with a running-bond pattern. What is the advantage of having a running-bond pattern when compared to a stack-bond pattern?

Explain in detail the procedures that are required to make EIA atau AMDAL from preparation until you can obtain the EIA in Indonesia, including which department or ministry that you have to go.

Indicate True (T) or False (F):

a. The 4-step network level transportation planning approach is suitable to estimate travel demand along a corridor.

b. Traffic assignment does not refer to the estimation of zonal trip productions and attractions.

c. A logit model is not used to estimate modal utilities.

d. Mobility does not represent the operational performance of a transportation system.

e. Maximization of consumer surplus does not represent the objective of maximization of benefit of public projects.

f. Ton-miles cannot be used as a measure of freight transportation demand.

g. A change in the level of service (or quality) of a transportation system cannot be represented by a shift in the supply curve.

h. Cross-sectional models can be used to model demand functions.

A precast square concrete pile 305x305 mm in cross section is driven into ground using a steam hammer. If HE = 40 kN-m, E = 0.85, WR = 35 kN, weight of pile cap = 3.0 kN, L = 25 m, n = 0.4, Ep = 21 x 106 kN/m2 , number of blows for the last 25.4 mm pile penetration is 7 blows, unit weight of concrete = 24 kN/m3 . Compute the allowable pile capacity using: (a) Modified ENR formula (FS=6) (b) Danish formula (FS =4) (c) Janbu’s formula (FS=3) (d) PCUBC formula (FS=3)

1- What may be happen when the activated sludge system hydraulically overloaded or underloaded? What may be happen when the activated sludge system may be subjected to organic underloading or overloading?

2- What can be occur when the bar spacing is too small and too large? What are important for the operation and maintenance of screens?

3- What are the advantages and disadvantages of ground water and surface water sources?

What course of action would you recommend in the following situation?

A contractor is instructed to submit a revised programme for the works showing an earlier forecast completion than the current programme update.

( Provide references)

What are the unit problems that may occur in biological wastewater treatment plants?

for example, sludge swelling, cause and solution. Please explain and write 4 problems and solutions.

#environmental engineering