If water is seeping, the effective stress at any point in a soil mass will be different from the static case. It will decrease or increase depending on the direction of seepage. With help of sketches, describe what will happen to effective stress if the water is seeping downward through a soil layer.

Give two examples of how ductility can be used to analyze a statically indeterminate structure at its strength limit state, as though it were statically determinate.

In a two – story building, an exterior column is to be designed for a service dead load of 1000 KN, maximum live load of 1500 KN, dead load moment of 60 KN m, and live load moment of 90 KN m. If the column dimensions will be restricted to 400 mm x 500 mm, fc’ = 27.6 MPa, and fy = 414 MPa, calculate the required column reinforcement.

Topic - Construction: Structural, loads, tension

1.) Explain why pure tension members are the most efficient structural types for carrying building loads?

2.) How structural members behave when they are subjected to tension, compression, torsion, and bending forces in structures.

(Please include references, links, if used.)

Design a rectangular tied column for a DL = 1000 KN and a LL = 1350 KN. It also carries a ???????? = 20 KN m and ???????? = 40 ??. ?ℎ? ?? ′ = 27.6 ???, ?? = 414 ???.

A zenith angle was measured six times with both faces of a total station. The average direct
reading is 86°34′31″ with a standard deviation of ±12.8″. With the reverse face, it was
observed as 273°25′12″ with a standard deviation of ±8.8″. What is the most probable value
for the zenith angle in the direct face?

Superstructure Frames: Construction

Using all the different "design types" of superstructure frames (Concrete frame, Timber Frame, Steel Frame), how would you "design/build" a high-rise in your area (California, Fresno), and what types of structural systems would you use? You may make geographical assumptions to fit your model building.

According to superfund (CERCLA), what is the formal steps to follow in the cleanup process? How much is the current EPA budget for the Superfund program? How the regulations are applied for recouping cleanup costs?

What are the three forms of communications for engineers?

Explain the importance of data collection and information research on a project outcome.

Define the Professional Responsibility of Practicing Engineers toward the public, the employer and the environment.

A retaining wall with sloping back, of vertical height 9m retains soil of density 1.6 Mg/m³, and angle of friction 30^o. The soil slopes upwards at 20^o to the horizontal from the back edge of the wall, the angle between the slope and the back of the wall is 100^o. Cohesion 10kN/m², angle of friction between soil and wall is 25^o but there is no cohesion between them. Find the thrust on the back wall per metre run using trial values of 25, 30, 40, and 45^o for the inclination for the plane of rupture to the vertical.

General Manager at the Council is considering awarding your team to a new project in Altona North.
The General Manager has invited you to submit a report describing some key items relating to how you
would manage the construction activities. Your report needs to include at least the requirements
below.

a)project monitoring and control

b)project quality

c)project safety

Why is the applicability of statistical quality control (SQC) an important attribute of an MTS operation? Why is it not applicable to an MTO operation?