Question

Explain how a CPU in a modern computer with peripherals works, including how the CPU interacts with various levels of the memory hierarchy.

Answer 1

Ans:
in a computer communication between various components is performed with the help of buses
A bus is a set of wires , each wire carries one bit of information. if there is a 8 bit bus, it means this bus can carry 8 bits.
there are following types of buses
a)Data bus is supposed to carry data.
b)Address bus is supposed to carry address of memory location.
c)Control bus is supposed to send control signals.
the following diagrams shows the communication by buses

Ans 1:

interaction with Peripherals

Ans 2

interaction with memory

cache memory is kept between cpu and primary memory.
frequently accessed items are stored in cache memory.
whenever there ia a need of data items , cpu first fetches data item from cache, if data item is not found in the cache, then cpu fetches data item from primary memory