Question

1. Why do we want to ensure that we actually have a true case of tuberculosis before we start treatment?

2. What does the World Health Organization recommend is the best way to treating uncomplicated malaria?

3. Which are the three case management interventions to be used to significantly reduce the severity and mortality of diarrheal diseases?

Answer 1

1. We want to ensure that we actually have a true case of tuberculosis before we start treatment because there may be some cases of false positive TB, as in previously sensititized patient or previously treated patient in recovery phase.

2.

1. Treatment of uncomplicated malaria recommended by WHO:-

      ?WHO recommends artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria caused by the P. falciparum parasite.
      ??By combining 2 active ingredients with different mechanisms of action, ACTs are the most effective antimalarial medicines available today.
      ??WHO currently recommends 5 ACTs for use against P. falciparum malaria.

#Treatment of P. vivax infections:-

           -P. vivax infections should be treated with an ACT or chloroquine in areas without chloroquine-resistant P. vivax.
           -??chloroquine-resistant P. vivax infections should be treated with an ACT, preferably one in which the partner medicine has a long half-life. With the exception of artesunate + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS+SP) combination, all ACTs are effective against the blood stage infections of P. vivax.

?In order to prevent relapses, primaquine should be added to the treatment.

3.

Key measures to prevent diarrhoea include:

access to safe drinking-water;
use of improved sanitation;
hand washing with soap;
exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life;
good personal and food hygiene;
health education about how infections spread; and
rotavirus vaccination.