Question

 

PHC 231

Discuss Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABI)  in long-term acute care hospital settings. Address the following in your report:

c)   Discuss how the infections spread and the types of prevention and
control measures
d)   Identify a population and develop a hypothesis about possible causes
in a testable format with standard statistical notation (the null and the alternative)
e)   Explain how you would choose controls to test this hypothesis?

Answer 1

#. CRBSI / CLABSI=

Catheter-related bloodstream infection

#. Central line-associated bloodstream infection :-

identifies the catheter as the source of the bloodstream infection

is a primary bloodstream infection in a patient that had a central line within the 48 hour period

#. Etiology:

-Coagulase negative staph (gm +)

-Staph aureus

-Enterococcus (Gm +)

-Gram neg rods (E-coli, Klebsiella, psuedomonas)

-Candida

3 ways for CVC to become infected:

1. Contiguous skin flora

2.Catheter hub contamination

3. Infection binding to catheter from a distant site

#. Prevention :-

Use appropriate hand hygiene.

Use chlorhexidine for skin preparation.

Use full-barrier precautions during central venous catheter insertion.

Avoid using the femoral vein for catheters in adult patients.

Remove unnecessary catheters.

#. Population - Patient who are admitted in ICU for more than 48hrs with a CVC .

Null hypothesis - By using Lewin Change theory , there is no reduction in the cases of CLABSl.

Alternative hypothesis - Application of Lewin Change theory reduces the rate of CLABSI cases.