Question

The hypersensitivity reaction, Anaphylaxis and discuss how the immune response is responsible for the disorder.

Answer 1

Anaphylaxis is a sever systemic hypersensitivity reaction that is rapid in onset and life-threatening too. It is characterized by airway,breathing and or circulatory problems, and that is usually associated with skin and mucosal changes. It can triggered in some people by minute amount of Antigen(eg. certain foods or single insect stings). It typically causes an itchy rash,throat or tongue swelling,shortness of breath, vomiting,lightheadedness,and low blood pressure. Anaphylaxis can be considered the most aberrant example of an imbalance between the cost and benefit of an innune response.

These hypersensitivity reactions refers to undesirable reactions produced by the normal immune system,including allergies and autoimmunity. They are usually referred to as an over reaction of the immune system and these reactions may be damaging,uncomfortable, or occationally fatal. Hypersensitivity reactions require a pre-sensitized( immune) state of the host. The Gell and Coombs classification of hypersensitivity is the most widely used, and distinguishes four types of immune response which result in bystander tissue damage. When anaphylaxis is caused by an immune response ,immunoglobulin E(IgE) binds to the foriegn material that starts the allergic reaction ( the antigen).