VI. Principles of Brain Functioning a) Hierarchical organization . Explain how the brain is organized as...

VI. Principles of Brain Functioning

a) Hierarchical organization . Explain how the brain is organized as a hierarchy or rank-order system of power/control: more advanced structures like the cerebral cortex receive info from, and then issue commands to, less advanced structures.

b) Contralateral organization – each cerebral hemisphere (right and left) controls the opposite of the body, and receives info from the opposite visual field. Explain with an example.

c)Cerebral lateralization – each side of the cortex is specializes in certain kinds of processing. Explain with regard to each side of the cortex.

Expert Solution

b)Each hemisphere of the brain is dominant for other behaviors. For example, it appears that the right brain is dominant for spatial abilities, face recognition, visual imagery and music. The left brain may be more dominant for calculations, math and logical abilities.
The right side of the brain controls muscles on the left side of the body and the left side of the brain controls muscles on the right side of the body. Also, in general, sensory information from the left side of the body crosses over to the right side of the brain and information from the right side of the body crosses over to the left side of the brain. Therefore, damage to one side of the brain will affect the opposite side of the body.
For example, information about touch and pain coming from the right half of the body goes to the left hemisphere of the brain; and muscle movements of the left side of the body come from the brain's right hemisphere.
A massive stroke in the left side of the brain leads to paralysis and lack of sensation in the right side of the face, right arm, and right leg. What is less commonly known is that such a stroke can also lead to blindness in the right half of the visual world-the right visual field-involving both eyes.
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Hayet Jeridi answered 3 months ago

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