Question

True/False

1. ________Growth is the progressive change in the child toward maturity or maturation.

2. ________Nutritional habits and patterns are established during the adolescent years and these patterns are then carried into adulthood.

3. ________Divorce can be traumatic for children but may be better than the household environment the child has been living in.

4. ________Some of the body systems of the child are present at birth; other body systems develop shortly after birth.

5. ________Communication includes spoken and written words as well as body language, facial expressions, voice intonations, and emotions behind the words.

Fill-in-the-Blank

1. The pattern of growth starting with the head and moving downward is referred to as________________________.

2. In the pattern of growth referred to as _____________________________, growth starts in the center and progresses toward the periphery or outside.

3. The combination of all of an individual’s characteristics, the way the person thinks, behaves, and reacts to

something that happens in his or her environment is referred to as a person’s _____________________________.

4. A _____________________________ child is one who comes home to an empty house after school each day because the family caregivers are at work.

5. Erik Erikson described and formulated human psychosocial development as a series of eight developmental

____________________________________.

Answer 1

1. False

Given is the definition of development

Growth denotes a net increase in size of mass tissue.

Development specifies maturation of functions.

2. True

Dietary patterns established during adolescence carried to adulthood and might play a role in adulthood disease.

Eg.Junk foods.

3.True

Divorce may be better for children than growing up in a family in which there is chronic discord.

4. True

Examples

1.Once the baby takes the first breath, a number of changes occur in the infant's lungs and circulatory system:

• Increased oxygen in the lungs causes a decrease in blood flow resistance to the lungs.
• Blood flow resistance of the baby's blood vessels also increases.
• Fluid drains or is absorbed from the respiratory system.
• The lungs inflate and begin working on their own, moving oxygen into the bloodstream and removing carbon dioxide by breathing out (exhalation).

2. URINARY SYSTEM

The developing baby's kidneys begin producing urine by 9 to 12 weeks into the pregnancy. After birth, the newborn will usually urinate within the first 24 hours of life. The kidneys become able to maintain the body's fluid and electrolyte balance.

The rate at which blood filters through the kidneys (glomerular filtration rate) increases sharply after birth and in the first 2 weeks of life.

3. IMMUNE SYSTEM

The immune system begins to develop in the baby, and continues to mature through the child's first few years of life.

5. True

Communication is an exchange of ideas, facts, opinions or emotions of two or more persons.

Albert Mehrabian developed a communication model, in which he demonstrated that only 7% of what we communicate consists of the literal content of the message. The use of one's voice, such as tone, intonation and volume, take up 38% and as much as 55% of communication consists of body language.

Fill in the blanks

1.Cephalocaudal

2. Proximodistal

3. Personality

4. Latchkey child

5. Stages of psychosocial development.

Referances

1. Barbara, R. A., & Marlow, D. R. (2005). Text Book Of Pediatric Nursing. Saunders Publishers, Philadelphia.

2. Miller, K. (2005). Communication theories. USA: Macgraw-Hill.