In: Biology
1. Describe how the following immunological techniques could be used to diagnose a patient with an infectious disease like COVID-19.
a) ELISA
b) Western blot analysis In addition, compare the benefits and uses of each technique.
1. ELISA
ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a plate-based assay
technique designed for detecting and quantifying substances such as
peptides, proteins, antibodies, and hormones.
The human body will make an antibody against Covid-19, if we make anti-antibody of the Covid-19s antibody, they will react in the ELISA technique and we will know if the patient as Covid-19.
Advantages of ELISA Tests
ELISA is used in the fields of biotechnology and medicine as a diagnostic tool. Mainly, antibodies and color changes are used to identify target substances.
2. Western blotting is for protein analysis. The protein can be purified after gene amplification forms the blood of the patient. If the patient has Covid-1i we will get our desired protein.
he two primary advantages of Western blotting are sensitivity and specificity. Silver staining may detect 10ng of protein, and it will detect all proteins in a given sample. Western blotting can detect as little as 0.1ng of protein, and it will selectively detect only the protein of interest.
Western blot is often used in research to separate and identify proteins