Question

In: Math

Consider a region of single stranded DNA 7 nucleotides long with the 5' end on the...

Consider a region of single stranded DNA 7 nucleotides long with the 5' end on the left. Assume any site in this region may be occupied with equal probability by any of the 4 bases A,T,G or C.

How many possible base sequences are possible?

What is the probability the sequence contains only the base G?

What is the probability the sequence contains only two type of bases?

What is the probability the sequence is CGTGAGA?

What is the probability the sequence does not contain any A or G bases?

What is the probability the sequence contains alternating G and C sequence?

Expert Solution

This problem can be simply reduced to =>

We have 7 places to fill with 4 nucleotides, and repetition is allowed.

1. Possible base sequences = All the 7 places can be filled in 4 ways (by any of A, G, T, or C)

= 4*4*4*4*4*4*4 = 4^7 = 16384

2. P(Seq. has only G base) = No. of base seq. with only G base/Total Base Seq.

=> only one base seq is possible with only base G => GGGGGGG

=> P(Seq. has only G base) = 1/16384 = 6.1 * 10^(-5)

3. No. of Seq. with only two type of bases = (No. of ways to select 2 bases out of 4)*(NO. of possible arrangements of 2 bases in 7 places)

= (4C2)*(2^7)

=[4!/(2!2!)] * 128

= (24/4)*128

= 768

P(seq. has only two bases) = 768/16384 = 0.0469

4. P(Seq. is CGTGAGA) = 1/16384 = 6.1 * 10^(-5)

5. P(seq. does not contain A or G) = no. of seq without A or G/16384

= (no. of ways to arrange T and C in 7 places with repetition)/16384

= (2^7)/16384

= 128/16384

= 0.0078

6. P(Seq. Contain alternate G and C seq.) = no. of such possible seq./16384

=> no. of seq. with alternating G & C = 2 (CGCGCGC or GCGCGCG)

=> P(Seq. Contain alternate G and C seq.) = 2/16384 = 0.00012

milcah answered 3 months ago

The unpaired nucleotides/single-stranded DNA produced by the action of restriction enzymes on plasmid DNA are referred...

The unpaired nucleotides/single-stranded DNA produced by the action of restriction enzymes on plasmid DNA are referred to as? a. sticky ends b.blunt ends c. triple Strand DNA d.ligases

A single strand of DNA, 24 nucleotides long, with the sequence 5'-TTTCCCgggAAAgggTTTAAAggg-3' is in a test...

A single strand of DNA, 24 nucleotides long, with the sequence 5'-TTTCCCgggAAAgggTTTAAAggg-3' is in a test tube. (Note that G's are shown in lowercase, so that your eye can better distinguish them from C's) Other than the appropriate buffer solution, what else needs to go in the test tube to so that we end up with a piece of double stranded DNA, 24 base pairs long, with the above sequence comprising one of the two strands? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)...

DNA polymerases in all organisms add only 5’ nucleotides to the 3’ end of a growing...

DNA polymerases in all organisms add only 5’ nucleotides to the 3’ end of a growing DNA strand, never to the 5’end. One possible reason for this is the fact that most DNA polymerases have a proofreading function that would not be possible if DNA synthesis occurred in the 3’-5’ direction. a. Sketch the reaction that DNA polymerase would have to catalyze if DNA synthesis occurred in the 3’-5’ direction. b. Consider the information in your sketch and speculate as...

Consider the following segment of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides: 5' UCU...

Consider the following segment of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides: 5' UCU AAG CGA GUU 3' What is the amino acid order if an insertion mutation adds a G to the beginning of the mRNA segment? What is the amino acid order if a deletion mutation removes the U at the beginning of the mRNA segment?

QUESTION 5 The replication of DNA requires tRNA to bring nucleotides to the strand of DNA...

QUESTION 5 The replication of DNA requires tRNA to bring nucleotides to the strand of DNA that is being synthesized. True False QUESTION 6 Which of the following individuals is homozygous for both genes A and B? AABb AaBb AAbb AsBB QUESTION 7 A chromosome is a sequence of: genes alleles both A and B are true neither A or B are true QUESTION 8 Different genes: will have different nucleotide sequences will cause the synthesis of proteins that have...

QUESTION 9 If a restriction enzyme produces blunt ends, how many single stranded nucleotides does it...

QUESTION 9 If a restriction enzyme produces blunt ends, how many single stranded nucleotides does it have hanging off each end of DNA A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 QUESTION 28 Synthetic biology predicts that the minimal set of essential genes is in the tens of thousands. A. True B. False QUESTION 31 Glucose inhibits the activity of what enzyme? A. adenylyl cyclase B. Beta-galactosidase C. cAMP D. RNA polymerase

Single-stranded DNA and unreplicated DNA are recognized by ATR, which leads to G2 arrest. What would...

Single-stranded DNA and unreplicated DNA are recognized by ATR, which leads to G2 arrest. What would likely occur with a single-stranded DNA break in a cell with a mutation that prevented phosphorylation of Chk1? What if the mutation prevented the phosphorylation of Chk2?

Most RNA viruses are single stranded and replicate in the cytoplasm while most DNA viruses are...

Most RNA viruses are single stranded and replicate in the cytoplasm while most DNA viruses are double stranded and replicate in the nucleus. Briefly explain why this makes sense for each of these 4 characteritics (4 points). Each of the following viruses breaks one of these (e.g. might be double stranded RNA virus). For each of these viruses say which of these it breaks (4points). Bonus points. Describe the major pathology for Molluscipox virus and B19 Parvovirus (2points). Rotavirus, Molluscipox...

1, Most RNA viruses are single stranded and replicate in the cytoplasm while most DNA viruses...

1, Most RNA viruses are single stranded and replicate in the cytoplasm while most DNA viruses are double stranded and replicate in the nucleus. Briefly explain why this makes sense for each of these 4 characteritics (4 points). Each of the following viruses breaks one of these (e.g. might be double stranded RNA virus). For each of these viruses say which of these it breaks (4points). Bonus points. Describe the major pathology for Molluscipox virus and B19 Parvovirus (2points). Rotavirus...

DNA methyltransferase: A) Recognizes hemimethylated 5’-CpG-3’ sites on double stranded DNA B) Adds a methyl group...

DNA methyltransferase: A) Recognizes hemimethylated 5’-CpG-3’ sites on double stranded DNA B) Adds a methyl group to select cytosine bases in the DNA C) Is inhibited by decitabine D) All of the above E) None of the above Angelman Syndrome and Prader Willi Syndrome revealed that a similar chromosomal deletion could manifest as two very different (phenotypically distinct) syndromes. The genetic basis for the difference: Arises from changes in transcription due to promoter swapping at the deletion site. Depended on...