Question

5. An antiviral drug specifically modifies viral receptors on a eukaryotic host cell. How might this affect the viral reproductive cycle?    A. It would facilitate the process of viral endocytosis                                                                                        B. It would result in the degeneration of the viral capsid                                                                                       C. It would enhance the process of viral apoptosis                                                                                                     D. It would prevent the virus from attaching to the host cell   

6. Oncoviruses are a type of animal virus that can cause a neoplasm- an abnormal, often excessive, growth of tissue. Which type of virus is likely to be an oncovirus?    A. Bacteriophage viruses       B. Lytic viruses        C. Enveloped viruses        D. Lysogenic viruses                                                                   

7. What is a hallmark characteristic of reverse transcriptase?

A. It is encoded in the host cell's genome                                                                                                              

B. It allows the virus to infect bacteria through endocytosis

C. It challenges the central dogma of biology (DNAàRNAàProtein)

D. It reads the genetic material backwards (3'à5')   

8. Certain types of arthritis, or inflammation of the joints, could be caused by viruses. In some cases, infected individuals experience an acute, rapid degradation of the chondrocytes that make up the articular capsule upon infection. Which type of virus is likely to cause such acute symptoms?                                                                                                                                                          

A. A lytic virus, because it would cause a rapid destruction of the articular capsule.                                       

B. A lysogenic virus, because its virulence tends to be expressed immediately                                                                                   

C. A lytic virus, because it has a brief latent phase and immediately attacks the joints                                

D. A lysogenic virus, because it would specifically target and quickly destroy the chondrocytes

Answer 1

Ans : (D)It would prevent the virus from attaching to the host cell.

Since the virus depends on specific receptors on the host cell to attach, this process would be prevented when these specific receptors are modified by the antiviral drug.

6.(D)Lysogenic viruses.

Because lysogenic viruses insert their genetic material into host cell. Thus the host cell produce new daughter cell contains viral genome. That is the host cell is infected by the virus and produce neoplasm.

7.(C) It challenges the central dogma of biology.

Central dogma of biology is (DNA → RNA → Protein).

A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template, a process termed reverse transcription.

8. (A) A lytic virus, because it would cause a rapid destruction of the articular capsule.

Lytic viruses do not have a dormant or latent phase. In other words, they are fast-acting and cause immediate damage to the host cells. Therefore, lytic viruses are much more likely to be the cause of this specific viral arthiritis.