Where do processed mRNA’s go after leaving the nucleus and how? Explain

Expert Solution

Answer-The process in which cells make proteins is called protein synthesis. It actually consists of two processes-transcription and translation. Transcription take place in the nucleus. It uses DNA as a template to make an RNA molecule. RNA then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. Translation reads the genetic code in mRNA and makes a protein.

Processing mRNA-

In eukaryotes, the new mRNA is not yet ready for translation. It must go through additional processing before it leaves the nucleus. This may include splicing, editing, and polyadenylation. These processes modify the mRNA in various ways. Such modifications allow a single gene to be used to make more than one protein.

Splicing -removes introns from mRNA . Introns are regions that do not code for proteins. The remaining mRNA consists only of regions that do code for proteins, which are called exons. Ribonucleoproteins are nucleoproteins that contain RNA. Small nuclear ribonuclearproteins are involved in pre-mRNA splicing.

Editing-changessome of the nucleotides in mRNA. For example, the human protein called APOB, which helps transport lipids in the blood, has two different forms because of editing. One form is smaller than the other because editing adds a premature stop signal in the mRNA.

Polyadenylation-addsa “tail” to the mRNA. The tail consists of a string of As (adenine bases). It signals the end of mRNA. It is also involved in exporting mRNA from the nucleus. In addition, the tail protects mRNA from enzymes that might break it down.

gladiator answered 3 months ago

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