Why is the 16S sequence used in phylogenetic study for prokaryotes?

Expert Solution

The 16S sequence used in the phylogenetic study for prokaryotes because:

16S rRNA genes are present in most of the prokaryotes as the ribosomes os prokaryotes are not able to translate mRNA without having the 16S rRNA component, so most of the prokaryotes have 16S sequence
Since these 16S Sequences are very essential, they are highly conserved i.e, it is possible to create a tree by linking together all the known prokaryotes or bacteria.
The highly conserved nature of the 16S Sequences also helps in the construction of universal primers which can be used to amplify 16S rRNA genes from widely divergent prokaryotes and easily obtain an almost complete 16S rRNA gene sequence.
There is a huge collection of 16S rRNA gene sequence information in several databases as they were isolated easily and they are publicly available and indexed for searching.

Thus, these characteristics help in providing enough data for phylogenetic study to identify a prokaryote at least to the genus level.

gladiator answered 3 months ago

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