Question

Identify the significance of the following. Remember to answer the basic questions: who, where, what, when, and why/ how. In other words, why was this person, idea, or event important in American history? What was/is significant about this term?

1) Trust -busting 2) square deal 3)New freedom 4)first and second new deal, Wagner act, social security act.

Answer 1

• 2)During the Gilded Age of the 19th century (1870-1900) advances in science and technology gave a significant boost to the nation's manufacturing and agricultural industries, but it also ushered in an era of considerable abuses and unfair labor practices.
• Because competition for employment was strong, and the industries were poorly regulated, corporations and employers frequently took advantage of employees, forcing them to work long hours in unsafe environments, often for insufficient wages. Additionally, the rapid growth of industrial manufacturing was beginning to take a significant toll on the natural environment, as territories became increasingly urban.
• Square Deal , description by U.S. Pres. Theodore Roosevelt of his personal approach to current social problems and the individual. It embraced Roosevelt’s idealistic view of labour, citizenship, parenthood, and Christian ethics. Roosevelt first used the term following the settlement of a mining strike in 1902 to describe the ideal of peaceful coexistence between big business and labour unions. The Square Deal concept was later largely incorporated into the platform of the Progressive (Bull Moose) Party when Roosevelt was its candidate in the 1912 presidential election.
• He  began promoting a collection of progressive policies which he believed would correct the negative effects of industrialization and improve the quality of life for Americans. These policies, referred to as the Square Deal, focused primarily on controlling corporations, the conservation of nature, and public welfare. Rather than a specific set of policies, the Square Deal refers to many of Roosevelt's policies enacted throughout his presidency.
• Although Roosevelt's Square Deal policies covered many areas of public life, a large chunk of them addressed the oppressive labor conditions and unregulated corporations that had begun to develop during the later half of the 19th century. A significant component of the Square Deal policies were aimed at regulating trade and manufacturing to ensure that there were oversights and controls to keep business fair and equitable. Many also protected businesses against unreasonable labor unions.
• Another important influence of the Square Deal policies was the protection of women and children in the workplace. Acting on public pressure and Roosevelt's endorsement, Congress chartered the National Child Labor Committee in 1907. Although the committee had existed since 1904, this Congressional act gave them the federal authority to investigate the abuses and potential exploitation of these groups, and, in the case of Washington, D.C., seriously restricted the practice of child labor.
• Additionally, several of these policies attempted to impose new safety regulations that would protect the health and well-being of, among others, railroad workers, sailors, and miners.
• Roosevelt's labor policies significantly increased workplace safety by encouraging or establishing certain standards that formed many of the policies on which American labor continues to operate. For example, the implementation of eight-hour work days for irrigation workers influenced the standard eight-hour work day that many enjoy today. Also, certain standards for wages and a prohibition on involuntary labor helped to influence the establishment of a minimum wage.
• 3)The presidential election of 1912 was a crucial moment in American politics. Offering up his vision of what needed to be done, Woodrow Wilson offered his New Freedom. In it, he spelled out both the core problems America faced and the reforms he hoped to implement, including reigning in the big corporations dominating the country's economy.
  
• In its simplest definition, the New Freedom was a collection of speeches Woodrow Wilson made during his presidential campaign of 1912. The speeches promised significant reforms for greater economic opportunity for all, while ensuring the tradition of limited government.
• Wilson offered a competing reform package, New Freedom, that agreed with the public's concern over large corporations, but sought to keep government limited and out of the economy. Instead of the strong government intervention advocated by Roosevelt, Wilson sought reforms that would alter the rules of the game the market operated under, focusing on tariffs, the banks, and the trusts.
• Wilson's New Freedom vision was to support small farmers and small businessmen by Reforming Tariffs, Reforming the Banks, taking Antitrust actions and breaking up monopolies. Woodrow Wilson also introduced important Social Welfare reforms and Federal Aid.
• Due to time limit,remaining questions can be asked as another question,they will be answered,thankyou for your cooperation
  
  
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