Question

In: Electrical Engineering

How does frequency, power band, receiver, transmitter, RSSI, sensitivity, VSWR can related to IQ modulated signals...

How does frequency, power band, receiver, transmitter, RSSI, sensitivity, VSWR can related to IQ modulated signals applying binary and target search algorithms?

Please also discuss about FPGA DDR and Banks work

What is an envelope in signal?

Solutions

Expert Solution

In wireless RF communication, The IQ modulated signal deals with the complex signals which have a real part and imaginary part. The real part relates to the Inphase component and the imaginary part relates to the quadrature component. These components have a 90-degree phase difference with each other.

The frequency and power band in communication are the frequency at which we are sending our message signal to transmit. After modulation, the signal gets shited to the higher frequency and it requires some power to propagate, it is called power band.

In the receiver side, we have RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator), It is an estimated measure of power level that an RF client device is receiving from an access point or router. At larger distances, the signal gets weaker and the wireless data rates get slower, leading to lower overall data throughput.

The receiver has the following properties,

1) selectivity: is a measure of the performance of a radio receiver to respond only to the radio signal it is tuned to (such as a radio station) and reject other signals nearby in frequency, such as another broadcast on an adjacent channel.

2) sensitivity:  is defined as the level of the input RF signal (in microvolts) needed to produce some particular signal-to-noise ratio at the output.

3) fidelity: of a receiver is its ability to accurately reproduce, in its output, the signal that appears at its input.

VSWR stands for voltage standing wave ratio which ranges from 1 to infinity. it is used to measure the line imperfections and efficiency of the transmission line medium. it is also related to the reflection coefficient and this is ranges from 0 to 1. For a good communication channel, the reflection coefficient has to be low and VSWR has to be high.

What is an envelope in the signal?

The envelope is a message signal which we are sending at the transmission side and it has to be detected at the receiver side with proper detection circuit. The detected signal called an envelope.

FPGA

The FPGA is Field Programmable Gate Array. It is a type of device that is widely used in electronic circuits. FPGAs are semiconductor devices that contain programmable logic blocks and interconnection circuits. It can be programmed or reprogrammed to the required functionality after manufacturing.

DDR(double data rate)

It is synchronized with the clock of the processor. The advanced version of SDRAM is DDR (Double Data Rate) SDRAM which transfers data on both rising and falling edges of the clock resulting in a double data transfer rate and this can be implemented with the field-programmable gate arrays.


Related Solutions

1. Explain how image frequency signals are received in a superheterodyne receiver? how can these signals...
1. Explain how image frequency signals are received in a superheterodyne receiver? how can these signals be rejected? ( Please explain in detail) 2. Why do some superheterodyne receivers use an RF stage while others do not? (please explain in detail)
1. (10 pts) A mobile receiver communicates with the transmitter at an operating frequency of 550...
1. (10 pts) A mobile receiver communicates with the transmitter at an operating frequency of 550 MHz at a distance of 3 km. Calculate the path loss in the system. 2. (15 pts) Assume that two antennas are half-wave dipoles and each has a gain of 3 dB. If the transmitted power is 1 W and the two antennas are separated by a distance of 10 km, what is the received power? Assume that the frequency is 100 MHz. 3....
Construct the Transmitter and Receiver of a Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum system. Also label and mention...
Construct the Transmitter and Receiver of a Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum system. Also label and mention the purpose of each component.
A C-band station has an antenna with a transponder gain of 54dB.The transmitter output power is...
A C-band station has an antenna with a transponder gain of 54dB.The transmitter output power is set to 100 W at a frequency of 6.10 GHz. The signal is received by a satellite at a distance of 37,500 km through an antenna with diameter of 6m. The signal is then routed to a transponder with a noise bandwidth of 36 MHz, and a gain of 110dB 1. Calculate the path loss. 2. Calculate power at the output port of the...
What are the stop and start bit roles in an UART? How the transmitter and receiver...
What are the stop and start bit roles in an UART? How the transmitter and receiver are synchronized in an UART?
1)Explain the need of analog and digital modulation in communication systems. 2)How modulated signals can be...
1)Explain the need of analog and digital modulation in communication systems. 2)How modulated signals can be recovered through coherent detection of carrier. Draw suitable diagram and mathematical expressions.What is meant by over modulated carriers. 3)Drive an expression for transmission efficiency of A.M wave. Under what circumstances carrier wave reversal take place. 4)How SSB-SC modulated waves can be produced. Elaborate your answer with suitable diagram. 5)A device is sending out data at the rate of 1000 bps. (a) How long does...
1- Aliasing can affect DFTs, where higher frequency signals can appear as lower frequency signals due...
1- Aliasing can affect DFTs, where higher frequency signals can appear as lower frequency signals due to the use of an N point DFT that has a limit to the highest frequency it can detect. Give one approach when using a DFT to reduce the potential of aliasing. 2-.   When using the standard MATLAB commands, or the design equations, to design an FIR filter why is it a good idea to check if the design meets requirements ? Be specific....
Define power. How are sample size and power related? How are effect size and power related?
Define power. How are sample size and power related? How are effect size and power related?
6. Histograms: a) How is the histogram related to the frequency plot? i. When does a...
6. Histograms: a) How is the histogram related to the frequency plot? i. When does a histogram look exactly like a frequency plot? b) What visual information do you get from a histogram? c) How can you tell what interval contains the most data points? d) What is the relation between histograms and the cumulative distribution function? e) ​The probability of winning at American roulette is 1/38 . What is your expected number of wheel spins to get your first...
What is the Larmor frequency? How is the Larmor frequency related to the Hydrogen nucleus? The...
What is the Larmor frequency? How is the Larmor frequency related to the Hydrogen nucleus? The Larmor frequency corresponds to which part of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation in MRI? How does one increase the Larmor frequency?
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT