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In: Advanced Math

How to proof that the 2-partition problem can be transformed to 3-partition problem and the time...

How to proof that the 2-partition problem can be transformed to 3-partition problem and the time complexity of the transformation

(i.e. the 2-partition problem can be solved by using an algorithm that solves the 3-partition problem)

Solutions

Expert Solution

A most common mistake is to believe that the polynomial reduction used is in theory of the complexity to define NP completeness does preserve the strong sense. This is completely false :

By definition of NP-complete, ANY NP-complete problem can be reduced to ANY other NP-complete problem.

A reduction from a NP-complete problem in tre strong sense, say 3-Partition, does not prove that your problem is NP-complete in the strong sense. It simply proves that your problem is NP-complete. In particular there does exist a reduction from 3-PARTITION to PARTITION.

- Conversely a reduction from a NP-complete problem in the ordinary sense does not prevent your problem to be NP complete in the strong sense. In particular there does exist a reduction from PARTITION to 3-PARTITION.

To preserve the strong sense, you need more than the usual reduction. In their book Garey & Johnson define around page 100 the notion of pseudo-polynomial reduction for this purpose. Basically it ensures that in the transformation, the maximum value does not grow exponentially and the size of the encoding is not shrink exponentially.

Colby Messinger answered 5 months ago
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