Question

Which of the following responses is most closely related to the statements. 

 Known or postulated etiology

 Associated with decreased surfactant production A yet unknown hereditary link

 Unknown etiology

 Associated with low birth weight and pre-term birth.

 Associated with Atelectasis.

 A. Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) 

 B. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 

 C. Both of the responses

 D. None of the responses

Answer 1

Known or postulated etiology : Respiratory Distress syndrome

Associated with decreased surfactant production : Respiratory Distress Syndrome

A yet unknown heriditary link : Both of the responses

Unknown etiology: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Associated with low birthweight and pre term birth : Both of the responses

Associated with Atelectasis: Respiratory distress syndrome.

Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Rare type of infant respiratory disorder which can be multifactorial yet  suggested to be caused by a defect in pulmonary surfactant genes and thought  to follow an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. This causes a deficiency in surfactant protein -B resulting in inadequate production of pulmonry surfactant. Surfactant production increases towards the end of pregnancy predisposing the preterm newborns to have the defect.

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome:

SIDS is a major cause of death of infants between 1 month and 1 year. Infacts die during sleep without showing any type of sings or symptoms. Diagnosis made by excluding all other possible causes of death. Exact etiology remains unknown,  various risk factors include premature birth, low bith weight, poor prenatal care, exposure to drugs, drinking and smoking during preganancy, improper position of sleeping, can be because of  genetic factors but no enough research evidences.