Question

In: Biology

3 perishables of food and the main reason for microbial growth. So meat, fruit, and milk,...

3 perishables of food and the main reason for microbial growth.
So meat, fruit, and milk, why do microbes cause these to spoil.
Talk about water availability, pH, oxygen, temperature

Solutions

Expert Solution

Answer :-

  1. Water availability - Bacteria fail to grow in a food or other medium where the aw is lower than 0.94. Bacteria require a higher aw than yeasts, which in turn require a higher aw than molds. Thus, any condition that lowers the aw first inhibits bacteria, then yeasts, and finally molds. Due to higher aw of water bacteria grow over it and spoil the meat, milk and bread.
  2. pH:-The pH tells as about acidity or alkalinity. pH value above 7 is alkaline and below it is acidic. The bacteria grow most on pH 7 grow poorly or not at all below pH 4.lactic acid bacteria are exception and they grow on high acid foods such as over milk, meat and on bread. And produce acid thus spoil these thinga.
  3. Oxygen - microbes which grow in the presence of oxygen are called as aerobes and other which can not are ccalled as anaerobs.The bacteria which grow over food are generally aerobic and thus grow on food surface destroy these food stuff. However aerobic bacteria grow only when this food stuff are expose to. Environment but in pack condition or in air tight container anaerobic bacteria can grow and spoil it.
  4. Temprature-with increased of temperature also inhabit the growth of microbes because denaturation of enzyme will occur and at Lower temperature these become inactive. Thus storing milk, meat and fruits at low prevent there spoilage while at room temperature enzyme are maximally active and thus microbes grow over it and spoil the food stuff.
  5. Fruits are spoil because the stored polysaccharides in them are converted into the monosaccharide by the mmicrobes thus more microbes grow over them and thus spoil the food.

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