For an ideal gas, consider the molar volume Vm = (V/n) =
Vm(T,P). In other words, the molar volume is a function of
temperature and pressure.
a) Write the total differential dVm.
b) Show that dVm is exact.
c) Derive an expression for the differential work dw performed
in a reversible process by expansion/compression of the gas.
d) Show that dw is inexact.
e) What is the thermodynamic significance of having an exact
differential?
Under constant temperature, a pressure of 12 torr and a volume of 8
L, what is the new pressure if the volume decreased to 6
L?
Keq = [products] / [reactants]. Knowing any two; Keq,
product or reactant concentrations, will enable determination of
the other?
Determine the adiabatic combustion temperature at constant
pressure and at constant volume for two of the fuels of personal
choice. Graphically show that this corresponds to the product
temperature where the heat of reaction is zero.
A perfect gas has a constant molar volume heat capacity of
Cvm=1.5R and a constant pressure molar heat capacity of Cpm=2.5R.
For the process of heating 2.80 mol of this gas with a 120 W heater
for 65 seconds, calculate:
a) q, w, delta(T), and delta(U) for heating at a constant
volume
b) q, w, delta(T), and delta(H) for heating at a constant
pressure
What does Boyle's law state about pressure and volume at a
constant temperature and a constant pressure?
Pressure and volume will both increase together or both
decrease together.
Pressure and volume will both increase as temperature and
pressure increase.
Pressure increases when volume decreases.
Pressure and volume will both decrease as temperature and
pressure decrease.
The ideal gas law PV=nRT relates pressure P, volume V,
temperature T, and number of moles of a gas, n. The gas constant R
equals 0.08206 L⋅atm/(K⋅mol) or 8.3145 J/(K⋅mol). The equation can
be rearranged as follows to solve for n: n=PVRT This equation is
useful when dealing with gaseous reactions because stoichiometric
calculations involve mole ratios.
Part A
When heated, calcium carbonate decomposes to yield calcium oxide
and carbon dioxide gas via the reaction CaCO3(s)→CaO(s)+CO2(g) What
is the mass...
1.) Define standard temperature and pressure(STP). What is the
value of the molar volume of any ideal gas at STP?
2.) What type of reaction is used to determine the yield of
hydrogen gas in this experiment? Explain choice.
3.) How many grams of hydrogen can be expected from complete
reaction of 1.0 g of Mg? Show work!
A 0.905 mol sample of Ar gas is confined in a 22.6 liter container at 31.6 °C.
If the volume of the gas sample is increased to 45.2 L holding the temperature constant, the average force per molecule-wall collision will-
1) increase.
2) not enough information to answer the question.
3) remain the same.
4) decrease.
Use critical temperature and pressure for oxygen gas to
determine critical molar volume assuming
a) ideal gas L/mole
b) van der Waals gas L/mole
c) Redlich-Kwong gas L/mole